Institution
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
Government•Prague, Czechia•
About: Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic is a government organization based out in Prague, Czechia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 27866 authors who have published 71021 publications receiving 1821686 citations.
Topics: Population, Catalysis, Thin film, Laser, Ion
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: It is shown that both species are actually strains of T. brucei equiperdum and T. evansi, which lost part (Dk) or all (Ak) of their kDNA, and these trypanosomes are not monophyletic clades and do not qualify for species status.
Abstract: Trypanosoma brucei is a kinetoplastid flagellate, the agent of human sleeping sickness and ruminant nagana in Africa. Kinetoplastid flagellates contain their eponym kinetoplast DNA (kDNA), consisting of two types of interlocked circular DNA molecules: scores of maxicircles and thousands of minicircles. Maxicircles have typical mitochondrial genes, most of which are translatable only after RNA editing. Minicircles encode guide RNAs, required for decrypting the maxicircle transcripts. The life cycle of T. brucei involves a bloodstream stage (BS) in vertebrates and a procyclic stage (PS) in the tsetse fly vector. Partial [dyskinetoplastidy (Dk)] or total [akinetoplastidy (Ak)] loss of kDNA locks the trypanosome in the BS form. Transmission between vertebrates becomes mechanical without PS and tsetse mediation, allowing the parasite to spread outside the African tsetse belt. Trypanosoma equiperdum and Trypanosoma evansi are agents of dourine and surra, diseases of horses, camels, and water buffaloes. We have characterized representative strains of T. equiperdum and T. evansi by numerous molecular and classical parasitological approaches. We show that both species are actually strains of T. brucei, which lost part (Dk) or all (Ak) of their kDNA. These trypanosomes are not monophyletic clades and do not qualify for species status. They should be considered two subspecies, respectively T. brucei equiperdum and T. brucei evansi, which spontaneously arose recently. Dk/Ak trypanosomes may potentially emerge repeatedly from T. brucei.
240 citations
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TL;DR: The results presented in this paper show that mPEG-b-p(HPMAm-Lac(n)) polymeric micelles with covalently entrapped doxorubicin is a system highly promising for the targeted delivery of cytostatic agents.
240 citations
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University of Amsterdam1, University of Tübingen2, Utrecht University3, Erasmus University Rotterdam4, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology5, Heidelberg University6, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic7, Stanford University8, Ghent University9, Andrés Bello National University10, University of Tokyo11, Radboud University Nijmegen12, Max Planck Society13, University of Basel14, Masaryk University15
TL;DR: The results show that a class of ATIs act as actin stabilizers and advocate that actin-dependent trafficking of auxin transport components participates in the mechanism of Auxin transport.
Abstract: Many aspects of plant development, including patterning and tropisms, are largely dependent on the asymmetric distribution of the plant signaling molecule auxin. Auxin transport inhibitors (ATIs), which interfere with directional auxin transport, have been essential tools in formulating this concept. However, despite the use of ATIs in plant research for many decades, the mechanism of ATI action has remained largely elusive. Using real-time live-cell microscopy, we show here that prominent ATIs such as 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) and 2-(1-pyrenoyl) benzoic acid (PBA) inhibit vesicle trafficking in plant, yeast, and mammalian cells. Effects on micropinocytosis, rab5-labeled endosomal motility at the periphery of HeLa cells and on fibroblast mobility indicate that ATIs influence actin cytoskeleton. Visualization of actin cytoskeleton dynamics in plants, yeast, and mammalian cells show that ATIs stabilize actin. Conversely, stabilizing actin by chemical or genetic means interferes with endocytosis, vesicle motility, auxin transport, and plant development, including auxin transport-dependent processes. Our results show that a class of ATIs act as actin stabilizers and advocate that actin-dependent trafficking of auxin transport components participates in the mechanism of auxin transport. These studies also provide an example of how the common eukaryotic process of actin-based vesicle motility can fulfill a plant-specific physiological role.
239 citations
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TL;DR: The ν(n) is reported as a function of transverse momentum and collision centrality, and the correlations among the event planes of different order n are studied to improve the precision of the extracted shear viscosity to entropy density ratio η/s.
Abstract: Flow coefficients nu(n) for n = 2, 3, 4, characterizing the anisotropic collective flow in Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV, are measured relative to event planes Psi(n), determined at large rapidity We report nu(n) as a function of transverse momentum and collision centrality, and study the correlations among the event planes of different order n The nu(n) are well described by hydrodynamic models which employ a Glauber Monte Carlo initial state geometry with fluctuations, providing additional constraining power on the interplay between initial conditions and the effects of viscosity as the system evolves This new constraint can serve to improve the precision of the extracted shear viscosity to entropy density ratio eta/s
239 citations
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TL;DR: A nuclear isoform of myosin I beta that contains a unique 16-amino acid amino-terminal extension has been identified and an affinity-purified antibody to the 16-AMino acid peptide demonstrated nuclear staining.
Abstract: A nuclear isoform of myosin I β that contains a unique 16–amino acid amino-terminal extension has been identified. An affinity-purified antibody to the 16–amino acid peptide demonstrated nuclear staining. Confocal and electron microscopy revealed that nuclear myosin I β colocalized with RNA polymerase II in an α-amanitin– and actinomycin D–sensitive manner. The antibody coimmunoprecipitated RNA polymerase II and blocked in vitro RNA synthesis. This isoform of myosin I β appears to be in a complex with RNA polymerase II and may affect transcription.
239 citations
Authors
Showing all 27986 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Michael Grätzel | 248 | 1423 | 303599 |
Richard E. Smalley | 153 | 494 | 111117 |
Mercouri G. Kanatzidis | 152 | 1854 | 113022 |
Jovan Milosevic | 152 | 1433 | 106802 |
Rajesh Kumar | 149 | 4439 | 140830 |
Vaclav Vrba | 141 | 1298 | 95671 |
Milos Lokajicek | 139 | 1511 | 98888 |
Rupert Leitner | 136 | 1201 | 90597 |
Christophe Royon | 134 | 1453 | 90249 |
Tetiana Hryn'ova | 131 | 1059 | 84260 |
G. T. Jones | 131 | 864 | 75491 |
Peter Kodys | 131 | 1262 | 85267 |
Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin | 129 | 646 | 85630 |
Alexander Kupco | 129 | 1230 | 86436 |
Ning Zhou | 129 | 996 | 80094 |