Chandigarh University

About: Chandigarh University is a education organization based out in Mohali, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Chemistry. The organization has 1358 authors who have published 2104 publications receiving 10050 citations.

Investigations of thermophysical properties of submerged arc welding slag using a rutile-acidic flux system

Abstract: For TiO2–SiO2–MgO and SiO2–MgO–Al2O3flux system, the thermophysical and physicochemical behaviour of submerged arc slags studied. Slag plays an essential role in shielding the weld joint from atmospheric contamination. The mass percentage of each flux ingredient evaluated by the X-ray fluorescence technique. Twenty-one slags developed based on the mixture design approach. Thermogravimetric, DSC, and Hot-disc techniques used to analyze submerged arc slags. Thermogravimetric & DSC analysis was performed from 25 oC to 900 oC to find the thermal properties. The density measurement of slag performed at ambient temperature. Bond-behaviour was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) technique. Regression models for different slag properties developed. The multi-objective technique utilized to optimize different slags.

Effect of Plenum Shape on Thermohydraulic Performance of Microchannel Heat Sink

Abstract: Heat sinks, cooled by flowing fluid in the microchannels fabricated upon them, successfully proved effective cooling solution in electronic components. The entire thermal output of such a heat sink depends upon the characteristics of fluid flowing in the channels and the plenums placed subsequently at inlet and outlet positions. The flow phenomena got influenced by channel aspect ratio, plenum aspect ratio and flow arrangements in the plenums placed at inlet and outlet positions. In the present study, an experimental and computational investigation has been performed to depict how the heat transfer and pressure drop attributes vary with different plenum shapes under different flow rates and heat inputs in microchannel heat sink (MCHS). Test runs were performed by maintaining three constant heat inputs, 50 W, 100 W and 150 W in the range 221 ≤ Re ≤ 398.

Design of experiment based methodical optimization and green syntheses of hybrid patchouli oil coated silver nanoparticles for enhanced antibacterial activity

Abstract: The current monologue reports the facile synthesis of hybrid Patchouli oil (P. cablin) coated silver nanoparticles (P-Ag-NPs) using hyacinth bean (L. purpureus) seed extract as a reducing agent. Design of experiment (DoE) based methodical optimization of the formulation parameters such as metallic salt concentration, and pH resulted in the successful accomplishment of the desired attributes i.e. morphology, and particle size. State of art spectroscopic (UV–Vis, DLS, ATR-FTIR, EDS), and microscopic techniques (HR-TEM, FE-SEM mapping) based characterization of the attained nanoparticles was carried out. The outcome of the respective UV–Vis analysis ascertained the biogenic synthesis, as the absorption maxima of the obtained particles (~415 ​nm) lied within characteristic SPR region of the Ag-NPs. DLS analysis revealed that the fabricated nanoparticles were nanosized (110 ​nm), and possessed a significantly high surface charge (−20.73 ​mV). ATR-FTIR spectra illustrated the presence of varied functional groups which confirmed the imperious role played by the phytoconstituents in reducing and capping of the synthesized P-Ag-NPs. Electron microscopic analysis further strengthened these findings, as no signs of intermittent agglomeration were present, and the P-Ag-NPs were uniformly distributed. HR-TEM also illustrated that the synthesized hybrid metallic nanoparticles were spherical, and encompassed a coating of essential oil on the halo of the as-synthesized NPs. FE-SEM-Mapping confirmed the phase purity of the Ag-NPs and showed that the particles primarily comprised of the elemental silver in nano form. DPPH and antibacterial assay revealed a significantly high antioxidant (i.e. 2.76 fold) and antibacterial (i.e. 3 fold) potential of the P-Ag-NPs as compared to its counterparts, respectively. The present work thus paves a gallant and promising pathway to eradicate the unsurmountable predicament of microbial pathogenesis.

Recent Advances and Industrial Applications of Microbial Xylanases: A Review

Abstract: Xylanase being a hydrolytic enzyme catalyses the hydrolytic breakdown of 1,4-β-D-xylosidic linkages in xylan which is an important constituent of hemicellulose. Xylanases are hemicellulases required for depolymerization of xylans which are the second most bountiful polysaccharide occurring in nature after cellulose having plant origin. A broad range of organisms have been reported to produce xylanases that include several fungi, bacteria, protozoans, crustaceans, marine algae, insects, snails, gastropods, arthropods, several seeds and plants. Filamentous fungi have been documented to be the useful producers of xylanase because of ease of cultivation, extracellular secretion of enzymes, higher yield and industrial aspect. Fungal xylanases from Aspergillus species and Trichoderma species have been widely studied and characterized and are commercially utilized in bakery and food processing industries. Microbial xylanases have been reported to be single-chain glycoproteins having molecular masses usually 8–145 kDa and exhibit maximum activity in temperature range 40–60 °C. Thermostable xylanases are ideally suited for use in industrial applications because of numerous advantages over thermolabile xylanase such as ability to work in broad temperature range, better substrate utilization and ability to tolerate high temperature in processes as well as better shelf life. Xylanases have widespread utilization in diverse industries such as food industry, textile industry and in pulp and paper industry. Xylanases have emerged to be extremely beneficial in terms of enhancing the production of numerous fruitful products. Over the years the advancements in molecular tools and techniques have enabled the better understanding of regulatory mechanisms heading xylanase production, underlying mechanism of action of xylanases as well as more precise knowledge of xylanase gene. Such advancements have paved the way for better utilization of enzymes in a much broader sense in commercial sector. Xylanases have tremendous industrial applications in commercial sector either on their own or by associating with different enzymes in numerous processes like processing of pulp and fibres; saccharification of agricultural, industrial and municipal wastes; flour improvement for bakery products; pretreatment of forage crops and lignocellulosic biomass; as well as an alternate to treating the textile-cellulosic waste with sulphuric acid.