Institution
École Normale Supérieure
Other•Paris, Île-de-France, France•
About: École Normale Supérieure is a other organization based out in Paris, Île-de-France, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 68439 authors who have published 99414 publications receiving 3092008 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: It is reported that stem cells of the melanocyte lineage can be identified, using Dct-lacZ transgenic mice, in the lower permanent portion of mouse hair follicles throughout the hair cycle and indicated that the niche has a dominant role in the fate determination of melanocyte stem-cell progeny.
Abstract: Stem cells which have the capacity to self-renew and generate differentiated progeny are thought to be maintained in a specific environment known as a niche. The localization of the niche, however, remains largely obscure for most stem-cell systems. Melanocytes (pigment cells) in hair follicles proliferate and differentiate closely coupled to the hair regeneration cycle. Here we report that stem cells of the melanocyte lineage can be identified, using Dct-lacZ transgenic mice, in the lower permanent portion of mouse hair follicles throughout the hair cycle. It is only the population in this region that fulfils the criteria for stem cells, being immature, slow cycling, self-maintaining and fully competent in regenerating progeny on activation at early anagen (the growing phase of hair follicles). Induction of the re-pigmentation process in K14-steel factor transgenic mice demonstrates that a portion of amplifying stem-cell progeny can migrate out from the niche and retain sufficient self-renewing capability to function as stem cells after repopulation into vacant niches. Our data indicate that the niche has a dominant role in the fate determination of melanocyte stem-cell progeny.
821 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the Higgs mechanism was extended in a supergauge invariant way, and spontaneous symmetry breaking occurred for all allowed values of the parameters of the scalar potential.
818 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a general technique for deriving consistent theories with spontaneously broken supersymmetry and massive gravitinos is illustrated by exploiting the chiral invariance of N = 1 supergravity in four dimensions to construct a theory with broken N = 2 supersymmetric in three dimensions.
814 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the relative location of different income groups depends on the spatial pattern of amenities in a city, and when the center has a strong amenity advantage over the suburbs, the rich are likely to live at central locations.
813 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the dynamics of a network of sparsely connected inhibitory integrate-and-fire neurons in a regime where individual neurons emit spikes irregularly and at a low rate were analyzed.
Abstract: We study analytically the dynamics of a network of sparsely connected inhibitory integrate-and-fire neurons in a regime where individual neurons emit spikes irregularly and at a low rate. In the limit when the number of neurons N!1, the network exhibits a sharp transition between a stationary and an oscillatory global activity regime where neurons are weakly synchronized. The activity becomes oscillatory when the inhibitory feedback is strong enough. The period of the global oscillation is found to be mainly controlled by synaptic times but depends also on the characteristics of the external input. In large but finite networks, the analysis shows that global oscillations of finite coherence time generically exist both above and below the critical inhibition threshold. Their characteristics are determined as functions of systems parameters in these two different regimes. The results are found to be in good agreement with numerical simulations.
812 citations
Authors
Showing all 68584 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Didier Raoult | 173 | 3267 | 153016 |
Simon Baron-Cohen | 172 | 773 | 118071 |
Andrew Zisserman | 167 | 808 | 261717 |
Edward T. Bullmore | 165 | 746 | 112463 |
H. Eugene Stanley | 154 | 1190 | 122321 |
Pierre Bourdieu | 153 | 592 | 194586 |
Gerald M. Rubin | 152 | 382 | 115248 |
Stanislas Dehaene | 149 | 456 | 86539 |
Melody A. Swartz | 148 | 1304 | 103753 |
J. Fraser Stoddart | 147 | 1239 | 96083 |
Jean-François Cardoso | 145 | 373 | 115144 |
Richard S. J. Frackowiak | 142 | 309 | 100726 |
Cordelia Schmid | 135 | 464 | 103925 |
Jean Tirole | 134 | 439 | 103279 |
Ion Stoica | 133 | 493 | 94937 |