Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur

About: Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur is a education organization based out in Jodhpur, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Welding. The organization has 914 authors who have published 2221 publications receiving 19243 citations.

Solution-Processed Flexible Organic Field-Effect Transistors with Biodegradable Gelatin as the Dielectric Layer: An Approach Toward Biodegradable Systems

Abstract: High-performance flexible organic field-effect transistors with natural protein gelatin as a dielectric layer and solution-processed TIPS-pentacene as an active layer were fabricated on a flexible ...

Microbial fuel cell assisted nitrate nitrogen removal using cow manure and soil

Abstract: Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are emerging wastewater treatment systems with a proven potential for denitrification. In this study, we have developed a high-rate denitrifying MFC. The anode consisted of cow manure and fruit waste and the cathode consisted of cow manure and soil. The initial chemical oxygen demand (COD)/nitrate nitrogen (NO3 −-N) was varied from 2 to 40 at the cathode while keeping the anode ratio fixed at 100. NO3 −-N removal rate of 7.1 ± 0.9 kg NO3 −-N/m3 net cathodic compartment (NCC)/day was achieved at cathode COD/NO3 −-N ratio 7.31 with the current density of 190 ± 9.1 mA/m2 and power density of 31.92 ± 4 mW/m2 of electrode surface area. We achieved an open-circuit voltage (OCV) of 410 ± 20 mV at initial cathodic NO3 −-N of 0.345 g/l. The cathode COD/NO3 −-N ratio had a significant influence on MFC’s OCV and nitrate removal rate. Lower OCV (<150 mV) and NO3 −-N removal rates were observed at COD/NO3 −-N ratio >12 and <7. Experiments done at different cathode pH values indicated that the optimum pH for denitrification was 7. Under optimized biochemical conditions, nitrate removal rate of 6.5 kg NO3 −-N/m3 net cathodic compartment (NCC)/day and power density of 210 mW/m2 were achieved in a low resistance MFC. The present study thus demonstrates the utility of MFCs for the treatment of high nitrate wastes.

NLR-regulated pathways in cancer: opportunities and obstacles for therapeutic interventions.

Abstract: NLRs (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing receptors) are pattern recognition receptors associated with immunity and inflammation in response to endogenous and exogenous pathogen and damage associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs respectively). Dysregulated NLR function is associated with several diseases including cancers, metabolic diseases, autoimmune disorders and autoinflammatory syndromes. In the last decade, distinct cell and organ specific roles for NLRs have been identified however; their roles in cancer initiation, development and progression remain controversial. This review summarizes the emerging role of NLRs in cancer and their possible future as targets for cancer therapeutics.

Self-Assembly of Artificial Sweetener Aspartame Yields Amyloid-like Cytotoxic Nanostructures.

Abstract: Recent reports have revealed the intrinsic propensity of single aromatic metabolites to undergo self-assembly and form nanostructures of amyloid nature. Hence, identifying whether aspartame, a universally consumed artificial sweetener, is inherently aggregation prone becomes an important area of investigation. Although the reports on aspartame-linked side effects describe a multitude of metabolic disorders, the mechanistic understanding of such destructive effects is largely mysterious. Since aromaticity, an aggregation-promoting factor, is intrinsic to aspartame's chemistry, it is important to know whether aspartame can undergo self-association and if such a property can predispose any cytotoxicity to biological systems. Our study finds that aspartame molecules, under mimicked physiological conditions, undergo a spontaneous self-assembly process yielding regular β-sheet-like cytotoxic nanofibrils of amyloid nature. The resultant aspartame fibrils were found to trigger amyloid cross-seeding and become a toxic aggregation trap for globular proteins, Aβ peptides, and aromatic metabolites that convert native structures to β-sheet-like fibrils. Aspartame fibrils were also found to induce hemolysis, causing DNA damage resulting in both apoptosis and necrosis-mediated cell death. Specific spatial arrangement between aspartame molecules is predicted to form a regular amyloid-like architecture with a sticky exterior that is capable of promoting viable H-bonds, electrostatic interactions, and hydrophobic contacts with biomolecules, leading to the onset of protein aggregation and cell death. Results reveal that the aspartame molecule is inherently amyloidogenic, and the self-assembly of aspartame becomes a toxic trap for proteins and cells, exposing the bitter side of such a ubiquitously used artificial sweetener.

On the microstructure evolution in friction stir processed 2507 super duplex stainless steel and its effect on tensile behaviour at ambient and elevated temperatures

Abstract: The microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir processed 2507 super duplex stainless steel were examined. Experimental results revealed that there is an optimum traverse speed for a given rotational speed that gives minimum grain size. The individual and synergistic effects of FSP parameters such as heat input, strain rate and strain on the grain size of the material were evaluated. The results indicate that counteracting effect of heat input and the combined effect of strain rate and strain results in achieving minimum grain size at an intermediate traverse to rotation speed ratio. The twin boundaries (particularly Σ3 CSL boundaries) in the stir zone of friction stir processed material reduced considerably compared to that in the base material. Both the base material and the friction stir processed material with the smallest grain size achieved were subjected to tensile testing at ambient and elevated temperatures under different strain rates. The results obtained are presented and discussed here.