Institution
Maastricht University
Education•Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands•
About: Maastricht University is a education organization based out in Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 19263 authors who have published 53291 publications receiving 2266866 citations. The organization is also known as: Universiteit Maastricht & UM.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: Cold exposure may be a potential therapy for diabetes by increasing brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass and activity and peripheral insulin sensitivity by ∼43% in eight type 2 diabetes subjects, and basal skeletal muscle GLUT4 translocation markedly increased.
Abstract: Cold exposure may be a potential therapy for diabetes by increasing brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass and activity. Here we report that 10 d of cold acclimation (14-15 °C) increased peripheral insulin sensitivity by ∼43% in eight type 2 diabetes subjects. Basal skeletal muscle GLUT4 translocation markedly increased, without effects on insulin signaling or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and only a minor increase in BAT glucose uptake.
422 citations
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TL;DR: Overtraining is an imbalance between training and recovery that can be explained as a stress response and no sensitive and specific tests are available to prevent or diagnose overtraining.
Abstract: Overtraining is an imbalance between training and recovery. Short term overtraining or ‘over-reaching’ is reversible within days to weeks. Fatigue accompanied by a number of physical and psychological symptoms in the athlete is an indication of ‘stateness’ or ‘overtraining syndrome’. Staleness is a dysfunction of the neuroendocrine system, localised at hypothalamic level. Staleness may occur when physical and emotional stress exceeds the individual coping capacity. However, the precise mechanism has yet to be established. Clinically the syndrome can be divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic types, based upon the predominance of sympathetic or parasympathetic activity, respectively. The syndrome and its clinical manifestation can be explained as a stress response. At present, no sensitive and specific tests are available to prevent or diagnose overtraining. The diagnosis is based on the medical history and the clinical presentation. Complete recovery may take weeks to months.
421 citations
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TL;DR: Surprisingly, both healthy and demented women with low education seem to benefit most from HRT, and the interactions of HRT with age, menopausal status and existing protective factors for cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease are investigated.
421 citations
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TL;DR: The results indicate that punishment is strongly governed by its cost-to-impact ratio and that its effect on cooperation can be pinned down to one single variable: the threshold level of free-riding that goes unpunished.
Abstract: Explaining the evolution and maintenance of cooperation among unrelated individuals is one of the fundamental problems in biology and the social sciences. Recent findings suggest that altruistic punishment is an important mechanism maintaining cooperation among humans. We experimentally explore the boundaries of altruistic punishment to maintain cooperation by varying both the cost and the impact of punishment, using an exceptionally extensive subject pool. Our results show that cooperation is only maintained if conditions for altruistic punishment are relatively favourable: low cost for the punisher and high impact on the punished. Our results indicate that punishment is strongly governed by its cost-to-impact ratio and that its effect on cooperation can be pinned down to one single variable: the threshold level of free-riding that goes unpunished. Additionally, actual pay-offs are the lowest when altruistic punishment maintains cooperation, because the pay-off destroyed through punishment exceeds the gains from increased cooperation. Our results are consistent with the interpretation that punishment decisions come from an amalgam of emotional response and cognitive cost–impact analysis and suggest that altruistic punishment alone can hardly maintain cooperation under multi-level natural selection. Uncovering the workings of altruistic punishment as has been done here is important because it helps predicting under which conditions altruistic punishment is expected to maintain cooperation.
421 citations
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Boston University1, University of Virginia2, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai3, University of Pennsylvania4, Brighton and Sussex Medical School5, Harvard University6, Johns Hopkins University7, Cleveland Clinic8, Vanderbilt University9, Maastricht University10, University of Iowa11, Medical University of South Carolina12, Albany Medical College13, University of Colorado Denver14, University of California, San Francisco15, Aarhus University16, Ohio State University17, Kaiser Permanente18, Morehouse School of Medicine19, University of Cincinnati20
TL;DR: The panel used systematic reviews of the evidence to inform clinical recommendations in favor of or against various diagnostic tests in patients with suspected or known sarcoidosis.
Abstract: Background: The diagnosis of sarcoidosis is not standardized but is based on three major criteria: a compatible clinical presentation, finding nonnecrotizing granulomatous inflammation in one or mo...
419 citations
Authors
Showing all 19492 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Edward Giovannucci | 206 | 1671 | 179875 |
Julie E. Buring | 186 | 950 | 132967 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
John J.V. McMurray | 178 | 1389 | 184502 |
Alvaro Pascual-Leone | 165 | 969 | 98251 |
Lex M. Bouter | 158 | 767 | 103034 |
David T. Felson | 153 | 861 | 133514 |
Walter Paulus | 149 | 809 | 86252 |
Michael Conlon O'Donovan | 142 | 736 | 118857 |
Randy L. Buckner | 141 | 346 | 110354 |
Philip Scheltens | 140 | 1175 | 107312 |
Anne Tjønneland | 139 | 1345 | 91556 |
Ewout W. Steyerberg | 139 | 1226 | 84896 |
James G. Herman | 138 | 410 | 120628 |
Andrew Steptoe | 137 | 1003 | 73431 |