Münster University of Applied Sciences

About: Münster University of Applied Sciences is a education organization based out in Münster, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Luminescence & Laser. The organization has 694 authors who have published 1067 publications receiving 12597 citations.

Nonlinear optical and magnetic properties of BiFeO3 harmonic nanoparticles

Abstract: Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) from BiFeO3 nanocrystals is investigated for the first time to determine their potential as biomarkers for multiphoton imaging. Nanocrystals are produced by an auto-combustion method with 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-propane-1,3-diol as a fuel. Stable colloidal suspensions with mean particle diameters in the range 100–120 nm are then obtained after wet-milling and sonication steps. SHG properties are determined using two complementary experimental techniques, Hyper Rayleigh Scattering and nonlinear polarization microscopy. BiFeO3 shows a very high second harmonic efficiency with an averaged 〈d〉 coefficient of 79 ± 12 pm/V. From the nonlinear polarization response of individual nanocrystals, relative values of the independent dij coefficients are also determined and compared with recent theoretical and experimental studies. Additionally, the particles show a moderate magnetic response, which is attributed to γ-Fe2O3 impurities. A combination of high nonlinear optical efficiency and magnetic response within the same particle is of great interest for future bio-imaging and diagnostic applications.

WebRTC Data Channels

Abstract: Browser-to-browser real-time communication is making rapid progress in the standardization process, both in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). These advancements cover many aspects, such as interface definitions, protocol mechanisms and security. Many scenarios discussed show that interfaces and standards can serve as a foundation for interoperable real-time multimedia applications that are easy to implement. In addition to the transfer of real-time-media data, the currently discussed protocol stacks also support transfer of non-media data. This article gives a brief top-down discussion of how the standardization efforts reflect the use cases of non-media data transfer, which use cases could be addressed, and how technologies are applied to achieve the goals. Furthermore, it provides an insight into specific protocol mechanisms as well as unresolved issues for future work.