Novozymes

About: Novozymes is a company organization based out in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Nucleic acid & Polynucleotide. The organization has 2506 authors who have published 2828 publications receiving 89266 citations. The organization is also known as: Novo Enzymes A/S & Novozymes A/S.

Method of Cross-Linking Hyaluronic Acid with Divinylsulfone

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of producing a homogenous hydrogel comprising hyaluronic acid, or salt thereof, crosslinked with divinylsulfone (DVS), said method comprising the steps of (a) providing an alkaline solution of hyaluronic acid, or salt thereof; (b) adding DVS to the solution of step (a), whereby the hyaluronic acid, or salt thereof, is crosslinked with the DVS to form a gel; (c) treating the gel of step (b) with a buffer, wherein the gel swells and forms a hydrogel comprising hyaluronic acid, or salt thereof, crosslinked with DVS.

Evaluation of Different Biomass Materials as Feedstock for Fermentable Sugar Production

Abstract: Saline crops and autoclaved municipal organic solid wastes were evaluated for their potential to be used as feedstock for fermentable sugar production through dilute acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. The saline crops included two woods, athel (Tamarix aphylla L) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), and two grasses, Jose tall wheatgrass (Agropyron elongatum), and creeping wild rye (Leymus triticoides). Each of the biomass materials was first treated with dilute sulfuric acid under selected conditions (acid concentration=1.4% (w/w), temperature=165°C, and time=8 min) and then treated with the enzymes (cellulases and β-glucosidase). The chemical composition (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents) of each biomass material and the yield of total and different types of sugars after the acid and enzyme treatment were determined. The results showed that among the saline crops evaluated, the two grasses (creeping wild rye and Jose tall wheatgrass) had the highest glucose yield (87% of total cellulose hydrolyzed) and fastest reaction rate during the enzyme treatment. The autoclaved municipal organic solid wastes showed reasonable glucose yield (64%). Of the two wood species evaluated, Athel has higher glucose yield (60% conversion of cellulose) than eucalyptus (38% conversion of cellulose).

Partition of enzymes between the solvent and insoluble substrate during the hydrolysis of lignocellulose by cellulases

Abstract: The interfacial and interphasic behavior of enzyme plays an important role in heterologous biocatalysis, such as the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose. The solid-solution partition of the major cellulases from a highly effective Trichoderma reesei cellulolytic system was evaluated during the enzymatic cellulolysis of a pretreated corn-stover substrate. Upon mixing with the insoluble substrate, almost all of the enzymes (including CBH-I, CBH-II, EG-I, EG-II, and BG) were adsorbed, as shown by the protein and activity assay of the solution fraction. No significant desorption was detected during as well as after the cellulolysis, indicating the enzymes’ ability to function at the lignocellulose surface. The adsorption was attributed to the specific binding to and activating of cellulose during the cellulolysis, and to the non-specific binding to lignin, particularly after the cellulolysis. The presence of several representative cellulolysis enhancers, substances capable of enhancing the cellulase action on lignocellulosic substrate, led to a significant desorption of the adsorbed cellulases. The effect might be related to the enhancing effect of these substances on the cellulases.