Ryerson University

About: Ryerson University is a education organization based out in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Population. The organization has 7671 authors who have published 20164 publications receiving 394976 citations. The organization is also known as: Ryerson Polytechnical Institute & Ryerson Institute of Technology.

Throughput Analysis of Opportunistic Access Strategies in Hybrid Underlay—Overlay Cognitive Radio Networks

Abstract: In cognitive radio networks, it is important to effectively use the under-utilized spectrum resources without affecting the primary users. In an underlay system, secondary users are allowed to share the channel simultaneously with primary users (with the restriction on interference level) but not in an overlay system. In this article, we consider a system where a secondary user can switch between overlay and underlay modes of operation in order to improve its throughput with limited sensing capability (i.e. sensing only one channel at a time). The results based on Markov chain analysis are satisfactorily verified using Monte-Carlo simulation. It is found that proper selection of transmission mode can provide greater improvement in throughput for a secondary user. The mode selection depends on the transition characteristics of primary users and the throughput ratio between the two modes of operation.

Organogels as Matrices for Controlled Drug Delivery: A Review on the Current State

Abstract: Over the last two decades, organogels have found tremendous use in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics industries with notable developments as drug delivery matrices and trans and saturated fat replacers in processed foods. The functionality of organogels benefits from their ease of preparation, cost effectiveness, and ability to contain both hydrophilic and lipophilic constituents. This review provides thorough insight into different organogelators, their mechanisms of organogel formation, various characterization techniques and their biocompatibility when administered in vivo. Finally, a special treatise is given on the applications of organogels as controlled drug delivery vehicles for topical, dermal/transdermal, parenteral, oral, and nasal routes. In situ forming organogels and their potential for tailored release of incorporated active ingredients are also discussed.

Approaches to Self-Management in Chronic Illness

Abstract: Management of a chronic medical condition is a complex process and requires coordinated action between healthcare providers and patients. This process is further complicated by the fact that an increasing number of patients suffer from multiple chronic conditions. Self-management involves active participation of the patients in the everyday care of the symptoms of their illness(es) and medical treatments, as well as maintaining general health and prevention of progression of medical conditions. Managing the psychosocial consequences of illness is also an important component of self-management. Data have demonstrated that enhancing self-management improves quality of life, coping, symptom management, disability, and reduces healthcare expenditures and service utilization. To foster self-management, potential barriers to implementation as well as facilitators and supports for this approach must be acknowledged. In this article, we review various aspects of self-management in chronic illness, focusing on chronic kidney disease. Better understanding of these concepts will facilitate patient-provider collaboration, improve patient care with increased patient and staff satisfaction, and may ultimately result in better clinical outcomes and enhanced quality of life for both the patients and their families.