Institution
University of Cambridge
Education•Cambridge, United Kingdom•
About: University of Cambridge is a education organization based out in Cambridge, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 118293 authors who have published 282289 publications receiving 14497093 citations. The organization is also known as: Cambridge University & Cambridge.
Topics: Population, Galaxy, Context (language use), Gene, Transplantation
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an overview of plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory (DFT) methods applicable to studies of large periodic systems and present a number of algorithmic implementations, including ultrasoft pseudopotentials, efficient iterative schemes for solving the one-electron DFT equations, and computationally efficient codes for massively parallel computers.
Abstract: Recent developments in density functional theory (DFT) methods applicable to studies of large periodic systems are outlined. During the past three decades, DFT has become an essential part of computational materials science, addressing problems in materials design and processing. The theory allows us to interpret experimental data and to generate property data (such as binding energies of molecules on surfaces) for known materials, and also serves as an aid in the search for and design of novel materials and processes. A number of algorithmic implementations are currently being used, including ultrasoft pseudopotentials, efficient iterative schemes for solving the one-electron DFT equations, and computationally efficient codes for massively parallel computers. The first part of this article provides an overview of plane-wave pseudopotential DFT methods. Their capabilities are subsequently illustrated by examples including the prediction of crystal structures, the study of the compressibility of minerals, and applications to pressure-induced phase transitions. Future theoretical and computational developments are expected to lead to improved accuracy and to treatment of larger systems with a higher computational efficiency. c 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 77: 895-910, 2000
1,514 citations
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TL;DR: A systematic review of previous studies of the prevalence of PDD using PubMed to search the literature suggests that 24 to 31% of PD patients have dementia, and that 3 to 4% of the dementia in the population would be due to PDD.
Abstract: Prevalence rates of depressive disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD) vary widely across studies, ranging from 2.7% to more than 90%. The aim of this systematic review was to calculate average prevalences of depressive disorders taking into account the different settings and different diagnostic approaches of studies. Using Medline on Pubmed, a systematic literature search was carried out for studies of depression in Parkinson's disease. A total of 104 articles were included and assessed for quality; 51 articles fulfilled the quality criteria. Multiple publications from the same database were not included in the meta-analysis. In the remaining 36 articles, the weighted prevalence of major depressive disorder was 17% of PD patients, that of minor depression 22% and dysthymia 13%. Clinically significant depressive symptoms, irrespective of the presence of a DSM defined depressive disorder, were present in 35%. In studies using a (semi) structured interview to establish DSM criteria, the reported prevalence of major depressive disorder was 19%, while in studies using DSM criteria without a structured interview, the reported prevalence of major depressive disorder was 7%. Population studies report lower prevalence rates for both major depressive disorder and the clinically significant depressive symptoms than studies in other settings. This systematic review suggests that the average prevalence of major depressive disorder in PD is substantial, but lower than generally assumed.
1,513 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present experimental results and a supporting theory, showing that a one-dimensional system in which transport is ballistic possesses a quantised resistance, h/2ie2, where i is the number of occupied 1D sub-bands and the spin degeneracy is two.
Abstract: The authors present experimental results, and a supporting theory, showing that a one-dimensional system in which transport is ballistic possesses a quantised resistance, h/2ie2, where i is the number of occupied 1D sub-bands and the spin degeneracy is two. A short narrow channel is defined in the 2DEG of a GaAs-AlGaAs heterojunction and as the width of the system is changed, the sub-bands pass through the Fermi energy and the resistance jumps between quantised values. The value of the quantised resistance is derived and the accuracy of the quantisation is discussed. The effect can be strong at temperatures approximately 0.1 K, with up to 17 sub-bands being observed. The action of a transverse magnetic field is to depopulate the sub-bands and form hybrid levels; a parallel field lifts the spin degeneracy and brings about a further quantisation of resistance at values h/2(i+1/2)e2.
1,511 citations
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TL;DR: FoxO proteins play essential roles in the response to physiologic oxidative stress and thereby mediate quiescence and enhanced survival in the HSC compartment, a function that is required for its long-term regenerative potential.
1,511 citations
Authors
Showing all 119522 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Albert Hofman | 267 | 2530 | 321405 |
Zhong Lin Wang | 245 | 2529 | 259003 |
Solomon H. Snyder | 232 | 1222 | 200444 |
Trevor W. Robbins | 231 | 1137 | 164437 |
George Davey Smith | 224 | 2540 | 248373 |
Nicholas J. Wareham | 212 | 1657 | 204896 |
Cyrus Cooper | 204 | 1869 | 206782 |
Eric B. Rimm | 196 | 988 | 147119 |
Martin White | 196 | 2038 | 232387 |
Simon D. M. White | 189 | 795 | 231645 |
Michael Rutter | 188 | 676 | 151592 |
George Efstathiou | 187 | 637 | 156228 |
Mark Hallett | 186 | 1170 | 123741 |
David H. Weinberg | 183 | 700 | 171424 |
Paul G. Richardson | 183 | 1533 | 155912 |