Showing papers by "University of the Aegean published in 2018"
TL;DR: Probabilistic projections of extreme sea levels are carried out and show that for the present century coastal flood hazards will increase significantly along most of the global coastlines.
Abstract: Global warming is expected to drive increasing extreme sea levels (ESLs) and flood risk along the world's coastlines. In this work we present probabilistic projections of ESLs for the present century taking into consideration changes in mean sea level, tides, wind-waves, and storm surges. Between the year 2000 and 2100 we project a very likely increase of the global average 100-year ESL of 34-76 cm under a moderate-emission-mitigation-policy scenario and of 58-172 cm under a business as usual scenario. Rising ESLs are mostly driven by thermal expansion, followed by contributions from ice mass-loss from glaciers, and ice-sheets in Greenland and Antarctica. Under these scenarios ESL rise would render a large part of the tropics exposed annually to the present-day 100-year event from 2050. By the end of this century this applies to most coastlines around the world, implying unprecedented flood risk levels unless timely adaptation measures are taken.
375 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum is reported, and the results are translated into exclusion limits in models with pair-produced weakly interacting dark-matter candidates, large extra spatial dimensions, and supersymmetric particles in several compressed scenarios.
Abstract: Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected in 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are required to have at least one jet with a transverse momentum above 250 GeV and no leptons (e or μ). Several signal regions are considered with increasing requirements on the missing transverse momentum above 250 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model predictions. The results are translated into exclusion limits in models with pair-produced weakly interacting dark-matter candidates, large extra spatial dimensions, and supersymmetric particles in several compressed scenarios.
358 citations
TL;DR: A global and consistent evaluation of coastal morphodynamics over 32 years (1984-2015) based on satellite observations finds that the overall surface of eroded land is about 28,000 km2, twice the surface of gained land, and that often the extent of erosion and accretion is in the order of km.
Abstract: Changes in coastal morphology have broad consequences for the sustainability of coastal communities, structures and ecosystems. Although coasts are monitored locally in many places, understanding long-term changes at a global scale remains a challenge. Here we present a global and consistent evaluation of coastal morphodynamics over 32 years (1984–2015) based on satellite observations. Land losses and gains were estimated from the changes in water presence along more than 2 million virtual transects. We find that the overall surface of eroded land is about 28,000 km2, twice the surface of gained land, and that often the extent of erosion and accretion is in the order of km. Anthropogenic factors clearly emerge as the dominant driver of change, both as planned exploitation of coastal resources, such as building coastal structures, and as unforeseen side effects of human activities, for example the installment of dams, irrigation systems and structures that modify the flux of sediments, or the clearing of coastal ecosystems, such as mangrove forests. Another important driver is the occurrence of natural disasters such as tsunamis and extreme storms. The observed global trend in coastal erosion could be enhanced by Sea Level Rise and more frequent extreme events under a changing climate.
316 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a search was performed for resonant and non-resonant Higgs boson pair production in the $ \upgamma \ upgamma b\overline{b} $ final state.
Abstract: A search is performed for resonant and non-resonant Higgs boson pair production in the $ \upgamma \upgamma b\overline{b} $ final state. The data set used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model expectation is observed. The observed limit on the non-resonant Higgs boson pair cross-section is 0.73 pb at 95% confidence level. This observed limit is equivalent to 22 times the predicted Standard Model cross-section. The Higgs boson self-coupling (κ$_{λ}$ = λ$_{HHH}$/λ$_{HHH}^{SM}$ ) is constrained at 95% confidence level to −8.2 < κ$_{λ}$ < 13.2. For resonant Higgs boson pair production through $ X\to HH\to \upgamma \upgamma b\overline{b} $ , the limit is presented, using the narrow-width approximation, as a function of m$_{X}$ in the range 260 GeV < m$_{X}$ < 1000 GeV. The observed limits range from 1.1 pb to 0.12 pb over this mass range.
202 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a comprehensive analysis of future coastal flood risk (CFR) for Europe that separates the impacts of global warming and socioeconomic development, with the importance of coastward migration, urbanization and rising asset values rapidly declining with time.
Abstract: Rising extreme sea levels (ESLs) and continued socioeconomic development in coastal zones will lead to increasing future flood risk along the European coastline. We present a comprehensive analysis of future coastal flood risk (CFR) for Europe that separates the impacts of global warming and socioeconomic development. In the absence of further investments in coastal adaptation, the present expected annual damage (EAD) of €1.25 billion is projected to increase by two to three orders of magnitude by the end of the century, ranging between 93 and €961 billion. The current expected annual number of people exposed (EAPE) to coastal flooding of 102,000 is projected to reach 1.52–3.65 million by the end of the century. Climate change is the main driver of the future rise in coastal flood losses, with the importance of coastward migration, urbanization and rising asset values rapidly declining with time. To keep future coastal flood losses constant relative to the size of the economy, flood defence structures need to be installed or reinforced to withstand increases in ESLs that range from 0.5 to 2.5 m. Climate change is the main driver for future coastal flood risk in Europe. However, in the absence of increased flood protection, damages may rise by two to three orders of magnitude by the end of the century.
170 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an upper bound of 0.0025% and 0.031% for the cross-section of the charged Higgs boson times the branching fraction in the range 4.2-4.5 pb was established for the mass range 90-160 GeV.
Abstract: Charged Higgs bosons produced either in top-quark decays or in association with a top-quark, subsequently decaying via H$^{±}$ → τ$^{±}$ν$_{τ}$, are searched for in 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of proton-proton collision data at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector. Depending on whether the top-quark produced together with H$^{±}$ decays hadronically or leptonically, the search targets τ+jets and τ+lepton final states, in both cases with a hadronically decaying τ-lepton. No evidence of a charged Higgs boson is found. For the mass range of $ {m}_{H^{\pm }} $ = 90–2000 GeV, upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the production cross-section of the charged Higgs boson times the branching fraction $ \mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({H}^{\pm}\to {\tau}^{\pm }{
u}_{\tau}\right) $ in the range 4.2–0.0025 pb. In the mass range 90–160 GeV, assuming the Standard Model cross-section for $ t\overline{t} $ production, this corresponds to upper limits between 0.25% and 0.031% for the branching fraction $ \mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left(t\to b{H}^{\pm}\right)\times \mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({H}^{\pm}\to {\tau}^{\pm }{
u}_{\tau}\right) $ .
154 citations
TL;DR: A search for supersymmetric partners of quarks and gluons in final states containing hadronic jets and missing transverse momentum, but no electrons or muons, is presented in this article.
Abstract: A search for the supersymmetric partners of quarks and gluons (squarks and gluinos) in final states containing hadronic jets and missing transverse momentum, but no electrons or muons, is presented ...
149 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a search for direct electroweak gaugino or gluino pair production with a chargino nearly mass-degenerate with a stable neutralino.
Abstract: This paper presents a search for direct electroweak gaugino or gluino pair production with a chargino nearly mass-degenerate with a stable neutralino. It is based on an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The final state of interest is a disappearing track accompanied by at least one jet with high transverse momentum from initial-state radiation or by four jets from the gluino decay chain. The use of short track segments reconstructed from the innermost tracking layers significantly improves the sensitivity to short chargino lifetimes. The results are found to be consistent with Standard Model predictions. Exclusion limits are set at 95% confidence level on the mass of charginos and gluinos for different chargino lifetimes. For a pure wino with a lifetime of about 0.2 ns, chargino masses up to 460 GeV are excluded. For the strong production channel, gluino masses up to 1.65 TeV are excluded assuming a chargino mass of 460 GeV and lifetime of 0.2 ns.
147 citations
TL;DR: This special issue presents existing state-of-the-art advances reported by the 21 accepted papers and concludes the special issue with a number of potential research agenda.
Abstract: Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is an emerging trend, including in nontraditional technological sector (e.g., oil and gas industry). There are, however, a number of research challenges such using cryptography and other techniques to ensure security and privacy in IIoT applications and services. In this special issue, we present existing state-of-the-art advances reported by the 21 accepted papers. We then conclude the special issue with a number of potential research agenda.
140 citations
Spanish National Research Council1, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki2, University of Queensland3, Centre national de la recherche scientifique4, University of the Aegean5, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology6, University of Vienna7, PSL Research University8, Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland9, University of Primorska10, Stanford University11, National Institute of Oceanography, India12, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences13, University of Tartu14
TL;DR: It is shown that a risk-based approach to CEAs decreases complexity, allows for the transparent treatment of uncertainty and streamlines the uptake of scientific outcomes into the science-policy interface, which can help bridging the gap between science and decision-making in ecosystem-based management.
133 citations
University of Vienna1, University of Fribourg2, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources3, Lincoln University (New Zealand)4, Free University of Berlin5, University of the Aegean6, Technical University of Berlin7, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ8, Charles University in Prague9, Environment Agency10, University of Konstanz11, Spanish National Research Council12, Stellenbosch University13
TL;DR: In this paper, a set of classification criteria that are widely applicable across taxa and realms and offer guidance on their use in practice is provided. But the criteria focus on acknowledging the role of assessment uncertainty, incorporating time since introduction, considering infraspecific taxonomic ranks, and differentiating between alien species whose survival depends on explicit human assistance from those that survive without such assistance.
Abstract: Human activities such as the transport of species to new regions and modifications of the environment are increasingly reshaping the distribution of biota. Accordingly, developing robust, repeatable, and consistent definitions of alien species that serve scientific and policy purposes has become of prime importance. We provide a set of classification criteria that are widely applicable across taxa and realms and offer guidance on their use in practice. The criteria focus on (a) acknowledging the role of assessment uncertainty, (b) incorporating time since introduction, (c) considering infraspecific taxonomic ranks, and (d) differentiating between alien species whose survival depends on explicit human assistance from those that survive without such assistance. Furthermore, we make recommendations for reducing assessment uncertainty, suggest thresholds for species assessment, and develop an assessment scheme. We illustrate the application of the assessment criteria with case studies. Finally, the implications for alien species management, policy, and research are discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, an angular analysis of the decay B-d(0) -> K*mu(+)mu(-) is presented, based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC.
Abstract: An angular analysis of the decay B-d(0) -> K*mu(+)mu(-) is presented, based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The study is using 20.3 fb(-1) of integra ...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors surveyed a sample of universities in Brazil, Germany, Greece, Portugal, South Africa and the UK and USA to ascertain the extent to which universities that are active in the field of sustainable development have formal policies on sustainable development, and whether such policies are a pre-condition for successful sustainability efforts.
Abstract: Purpose
There is a widely held belief that sustainable development (SD) policies are essential for universities to successfully engage in matters related to sustainability, and are an indicator of the extent to which they are active in this field. This paper aims to examine the evidence which currently exists to support this assumption. It surveys a sample of universities in Brazil, Germany, Greece, Portugal, South Africa and the UK and the USA to ascertain the extent to which universities that are active in the field of sustainable development have formal policies on sustainable development, and whether such policies are a pre-condition for successful sustainability efforts.
Design/methodology/approach
The study involved 35 universities in seven countries (five universities respectively). A mixed-methods approach has been used, ranging from document analysis, website analysis, questionnaires and interviewing.
Findings
Although only 60 per cent of the sampled universities had a policy that specifically addressed SD, this cannot be regarded as an indicator that the remaining 40 per cent are not engaged with substantial actions that address SD. Indeed, all of the universities in the sample, regardless of the existence of a SD formal policy, demonstrated engagement with environmental sustainability policies or procedures in some form or another. This research has been limited by the availability and ability to procure information from the sampled universities. Despite this, it is one of the largest research efforts of this kind ever performed.
Research limitations/implications
This research has been limited by the availability and ability to procure information from the sampled universities.
Practical implications
The findings provide some valuable insights into the connections between SD policies on the one hand and the practice of sustainable development in higher education institutions on the other.
Social implications
Universities with SD policies can contribute to models of economic growth consistent with sustainable development.
Originality/value
The study is the one of the largest research efforts of this kind ever performed.
TL;DR: Searches for new heavy resonances decaying into different pairings of W, Z, or Higgs bosons, as well as dirffiffiffiffiectly into leptons, are presented using a data sample corresponding to 36.1 fb(-1...
Abstract: Searches for new heavy resonances decaying into different pairings of W, Z, or Higgs bosons, as well as dirffiffiffiectly into leptons, are presented using a data sample corresponding to 36.1 fb(-1 ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors search for heavy resonances decaying into ZZ or ZW using data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s - 13 TeV.
Abstract: This paper reports searches for heavy resonances decaying into ZZ or ZW using data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of root s - 13 TeV. The data, corresponding to an integra ...
TL;DR: In this article, a search for electroweak production of supersymmetric particles using recursive jigsaw reconstruction was performed in two-and three-lepton final states using a technique that assigns reconstructed objects to the most probable hemispheres of the decay trees.
Abstract: A search for electroweak production of supersymmetric particles is performed in two-lepton and three-lepton final states using recursive jigsaw reconstruction, a technique that assigns reconstructed objects to the most probable hemispheres of the decay trees, allowing one to construct tailored kinematic variables to separate the signal and background. The search uses data collected in 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS experiment in s=13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb-1. Chargino-neutralino pair production, with decays via W/Z bosons, is studied in final states involving leptons and jets and missing transverse momentum for scenarios with large and intermediate mass splittings between the parent particle and lightest supersymmetric particle, as well as for the scenario where this mass splitting is close to the mass of the Z boson. The latter case is challenging since the vector bosons are produced with kinematic properties that are similar to those in Standard Model processes. Results are found to be compatible with the Standard Model expectations in the signal regions targeting large and intermediate mass splittings, and chargino-neutralino masses up to 600 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for a massless lightest supersymmetric particle. Excesses of data above the expected background are found in the signal regions targeting low mass splittings, and the largest local excess amounts to 3.0 standard deviations. © 2018 CERN, for the ATLAS Collaboration. Published by the American Physical Society.
TL;DR: The survey at hand has a dual aim, namely, first, to critically analyze all the pertinent works in this field, and second to offer an in-depth discussion and side-by-side comparison among them based on seven common criteria.
Abstract: It is without doubt that today the volume and sophistication of cyber attacks keeps consistently growing, militating an endless arm race between attackers and defenders. In this context, full-fledged frameworks, methodologies, or strategies that are able to offer optimal or near-optimal reaction in terms of countermeasure selection, preferably in a fully or semiautomated way, are of high demand. This is reflected in the literature, which encompasses a significant number of major works on this topic spanning over a time period of 5 years, that is, from 2012 to 2016. The survey at hand has a dual aim, namely, first, to critically analyze all the pertinent works in this field, and second to offer an in-depth discussion and side-by-side comparison among them based on seven common criteria. Also, a quite extensive discussion is offered to highlight on the shortcomings and future research challenges and directions in this timely area.
TL;DR: Dendron is proposed, a methodology for generating new detection rules which are able to classify both common and rare types of attacks, which is able to achieve superior results over other state-of-the-art and legacy techniques under several classification metrics.
TL;DR: In this article, the coupling properties of the Higgs boson were studied in the four-lepton (e, μ) decay channel using 36.1 fb−1 collision data from the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector.
Abstract: The coupling properties of the Higgs boson are studied in the four-lepton (e, μ) decay channel using 36.1 fb−1 of pp collision data from the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector. Cross sections are measured for the main production modes in several exclusive regions of the Higgs boson production phase space and are interpreted in terms of coupling modifiers. The inclusive cross section times branching ratio for H → ZZ∗ decay and for a Higgs boson absolute rapidity below 2.5 is measured to be 1. 73 − 0.23 + 0.24 (stat.) − 0.08 + 0.10 (exp.) ± 0.04(th.) pb compared to the Standard Model prediction of 1.34±0.09 pb. In addition, the tensor structure of the Higgs boson couplings is studied using an effective Lagrangian approach for the description of interactions beyond the Standard Model. Constraints are placed on the non-Standard-Model CP-even and CP-odd couplings to Z bosons and on the CP-odd coupling to gluons.
TL;DR: In this article, a search for pair production of up-type vector-like quarks with a significant branching ratio into a top quark and either a Standard Model Higgs boson or a Z boson is presented.
Abstract: A search for pair production of up-type vector-like quarks (T) with a significant branching ratio into a top quark and either a Standard Model Higgs boson or a Z boson is presented. The same analys ...
TL;DR: In this article, the results of a search for the direct pair production of top quarks, the supersymmetric partner of the top quark, in final states with one isolated electron or muon, several energetic jets, and missing transverse momentum are reported.
Abstract: The results of a search for the direct pair production of top squarks, the supersymmetric partner of the top quark, in final states with one isolated electron or muon, several energetic jets, and missing transverse momentum are reported. The analysis also targets spin-0 mediator models, where the mediator decays into a pair of dark-matter particles and is produced in association with a pair of top quarks. The search uses data from proton-proton collisions delivered by the Large Hadron Collider in 2015 and 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy of $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb$^{−1}$. A wide range of signal scenarios with different mass-splittings between the top squark, the lightest neutralino and possible intermediate supersymmetric particles are considered, including cases where the W bosons or the top quarks produced in the decay chain are off-shell. No significant excess over the Standard Model prediction is observed. The null results are used to set exclusion limits at 95% confidence level in several supersymmetry benchmark models. For pair-produced top-squarks decaying into top quarks, top-squark masses up to 940 GeV are excluded. Stringent exclusion limits are also derived for all other considered top-squark decay scenarios. For the spin-0 mediator models, upper limits are set on the visible cross-section.
TL;DR: In this article, the efficiency of detecting b-hadrons was measured using a high purity sample of dileptonic top quark-antiquark pairs selected from the 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of data collected by the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016 from proton-proton collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 $ TeV.
Abstract: The efficiency to identify jets containing b-hadrons (b-jets) is measured using a high purity sample of dileptonic top quark-antiquark pairs ( $ t\overline{t} $ ) selected from the 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of data collected by the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016 from proton-proton collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV. Two methods are used to extract the efficiency from $ t\overline{t} $ events, a combinatorial likelihood approach and a tag-and-probe method. A boosted decision tree, not using b-tagging information, is used to select events in which two b-jets are present, which reduces the dominant uncertainty in the modelling of the flavour of the jets. The efficiency is extracted for jets in a transverse momentum range from 20 to 300 GeV, with data-to-simulation scale factors calculated by comparing the efficiency measured using collision data to that predicted by the simulation. The two methods give compatible results, and achieve a similar level of precision, measuring data-to-simulation scale factors close to unity with uncertainties ranging from 2% to 12% depending on the jet transverse momentum.
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for charged Higgs bosons heavier than the top quark and decaying via H$ √ tb → tb is presented, where multivariate techniques are used to discriminate between signal and background events.
Abstract: A search for charged Higgs bosons heavier than the top quark and decaying via H$^{±}$ → tb is presented. The data analysed corresponds to 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV and was recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. The production of a charged Higgs boson in association with a top quark and a bottom quark, pp → tbH$^{±}$, is explored in the mass range from m$_{H}$± = 200 to 2000 GeV using multi-jet final states with one or two electrons or muons. Events are categorised according to the multiplicity of jets and how likely these are to have originated from hadronisation of a bottom quark. Multivariate techniques are used to discriminate between signal and background events. No significant excess above the background-only hypothesis is observed and exclusion limits are derived for the production cross-section times branching ratio of a charged Higgs boson as a function of its mass, which range from 2.9 pb at m$_{H}$± = 200 GeV to 0.070 pb at m$_{H}$± = 2000 GeV. The results are interpreted in two benchmark scenarios of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model.
TL;DR: In this article, a search for charged Higgs bosons heavier than the top quark and decaying via H± → tb is presented, which corresponds to 36.1 fb−1 of pp collisions at s=13 TeV.
Abstract: A search for charged Higgs bosons heavier than the top quark and decaying via H± → tb is presented. The data analysed corresponds to 36.1 fb−1 of pp collisions at s=13 TeV and was recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. The production of a charged Higgs boson in association with a top quark and a bottom quark, pp → tbH±, is explored in the mass range from mH± = 200 to 2000 GeV using multi-jet final states with one or two electrons or muons. Events are categorised according to the multiplicity of jets and how likely these are to have originated from hadronisation of a bottom quark. Multivariate techniques are used to discriminate between signal and background events. No significant excess above the background-only hypothesis is observed and exclusion limits are derived for the production cross-section times branching ratio of a charged Higgs boson as a function of its mass, which range from 2.9 pb at mH± = 200 GeV to 0.070 pb at mH± = 2000 GeV. The results are interpreted in two benchmark scenarios of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].
TL;DR: According to recent and well‐designed clinical studies, curcumin consumption may benefit against obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, and seems to exert a positive effect on people suffering from various types of cancer, fatty liver disease, depression, arthritis, skin diseases, gut inflammation, and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Abstract: Numerous clinical trials have investigated the potential beneficial effects of curcumin supplementation against several human chronic diseases. Up to now, it has been claimed that curcumin consumption may exert beneficial effects against several chronic diseases by promoting human health and preventing diseases. In this aspect, the present review aims to critically collect and in-depth summarize the most recent, well-designed clinical studies evaluating the potential beneficial effects of curcumin consumption on human health promotion and disease prevention. According to recent and well-designed clinical studies, curcumin consumption may benefit against obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Moreover, curcumin consumption seems to exert a positive effect on people suffering from various types of cancer, fatty liver disease, depression, arthritis, skin diseases, gut inflammation, and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome. Due to the strong heterogeneity among the clinical studies concerning the exact effective curcumin dose and formulation, as well as the recommended treatment duration for each chronic disease, no precise and definitive conclusions could be drawn. Further large-scale prospective studies are strongly recommended, being well-designed as far as follow-up times, dosage, formulation, and duration of curcumin supplementation are concerned. Moreover, potential confounders in each specific chronic disease should carefully be taken into account in future studies.
TL;DR: The authors investigated class diversification at both spatial scales in a Mediterranean city (Athens, Greece) using the European Socioeconomic Classification based on population census data referring to 1991-2001, a phase of economic expansion and intense urban sprawl preceding the 2004 Olympic games.
Abstract: Economic expansion indirectly promotes class diversification at the neighbourhood scale with a consequent reduction of social divides at the regional scale. To verify this working hypothesis, the present study investigates class diversification at both spatial scales in a Mediterranean city (Athens, Greece) using the European Socioeconomic Classification based on population census data referring to 1991–2001, a phase of economic expansion and intense urban sprawl preceding the 2004 Olympic games. Results of multivariate analysis and diversity indexes outline a local-scale social mix associated to suburban expansion, and regional-scale class segregation, reflecting an increasing polarization in affluent and economically deprived urban districts. The contrasting pattern at the two spatial scales results in a complex social geography with class diversification and moderate changes over time in the economic spatial divide between urban and neighbouring rural areas. These findings contribute to design scale-dependent policies reducing social inequalities and improving quality of life in urban areas. Future paths for socio-spatial processes were delineated for sprawling metropolitan regions under economic expansion and discussed in the light of future demographic trends in both developed and emerging countries.
TL;DR: This Letter documents a measurement of the first jet substructure quantity at a hadron collider to be calculated at next-to-next- to-leading-logarithm accuracy.
Abstract: Jet substructure observables have significantly extended the search program for physics beyond the standard model at the Large Hadron Collider. The state-of-the-art tools have been motivated by the ...
01 Jun 2018
TL;DR: This literature review will discuss and present various steganalysis techniques – from earlier ones to state of the art- used for detection of hidden data embedded in digital images using various Steganography techniques.
Abstract: Steganalysis and steganography are the two different sides of the same coin. Steganography tries to hide messages in plain sight while steganalysis tries to detect their existence or even more to retrieve the embedded data. Both steganography and steganalysis received a great deal of attention, especially from law enforcement. While cryptography in many countries is being outlawed or limited, cyber criminals or even terrorists are extensively using steganography to avoid being arrested with encrypted incriminating material in their possession. Therefore, understanding the ways that messages can be embedded in a digital medium –in most cases in digital images-, and knowledge of state of the art methods to detect hidden information, is essential in exposing criminal activity. Digital image steganography is growing in use and application. Many powerful and robust methods of steganography and steganalysis have been presented in the literature over the last few years. In this literature review, we will discuss and present various steganalysis techniques – from earlier ones to state of the art- used for detection of hidden data embedded in digital images using various steganography techniques.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the link between macro (country-level) corporate social responsibility penetration and innovative capacity presenting new findings on the potential influence that various elements shaping innovation have on the endorsement of social responsibility among national business systems.
TL;DR: In this article, a search for supersymmetry involving the pair production of gluinos decaying via third-generation squarks into the lightest neutralino ((chi) over tilde (0)(1)) is reported.
Abstract: A search for supersymmetry involving the pair production of gluinos decaying via third-generation squarks into the lightest neutralino ((chi) over tilde (0)(1)) is reported. It uses LHC proton-prot ...