Showing papers in "American Journal of Kidney Diseases in 2015"

TL;DR: Author(s): Saran, Rajiv; Li, Yi; Robinson, Bruce; Ayanian, John; Balkrishnan, Rajesh; Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer; Chen, Joline TL; Cope, Elizabeth; Gipson, Debbie; He, Kevin; Herman, William; Heung, Michael; Hirth, Richard A; Jacobsen, Steven S; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar; Kovesdy, C

TL;DR: The 2015 update of the KDOQI Clinical Practice Guideline for Hemodialysis Adequacy is intended to assist practitioners caring for patients in preparation for and during hemodialysis.

TL;DR: High-quality evidence for the evaluation and management of calciphylaxis is lacking at this time due to its rare incidence and poorly understood pathogenesis and the relative paucity of collaborative research efforts, so a summary of recommendations developed by a multidisciplinary team for patients with calciphyllaxis is provided.

TL;DR: From a national burden perspective, it is estimated that the population prevalence of CKD will increase in coming decades, suggesting that development of interventions to slow CKD onset and progression should be considered.

TL;DR: Long-term treatment with allopurinol may slow the rate of progression of kidney disease and reduce CV risk, and post hoc analysis of a long-term follow-up showed improved estimated glomerular filtration rate and reduced CV risk.

TL;DR: AVF use has increased, with catheter use decreasing among prevalent US hemodialysis patients since the introduction of the prospective payment system, suggesting that reforms affecting predialysis care may be necessary to incentivize improvements in fistula rates at dialysis therapy initiation as achieved for prevalent hemodIALysis patients.

TL;DR: Febuxostat slowed the decline in eGFR in CKD stages 3 and 4 compared to placebo, and the proportion of patients showing a >10% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from baseline in the febUXostat and placebo groups.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children and adolescents, as well as factors associated with progression, including proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and anemia.

TL;DR: In adults, known urinary, plasma, and serum biomarkers of AKI possess modest discrimination at best when measured within 24 hours of cardiac surgery.

TL;DR: Lower eGFRs and higher ACRs are associated with higher risks of AKI among individuals with or without either diabetes or hypertension, and risk gradients for AKI with both lower eG FRs and high ACRs were greater for those without than with hypertension.

TL;DR: CPB-associated AKI is associated with a more than 2-fold increase in early mortality regardless of AKI definition, and does not modify prognostic estimates.

TL;DR: The incidence proportion of dialysis-requiring AKI among critically ill patients increased by almost 4-fold between 1996 and 2010, accompanied by a significant decline in mortality, but the risk of long-term dialysis dependence continues to affect a substantial minority of surviving patients with no clear evidence of improvement over time.

TL;DR: The likelihood of developing AKI increases with age; however, the same variables are less predictive for AKI as age increases and the model for older patients was less predictive (P<0.001).

TL;DR: A high burden of cancer in the dialysis population compared to the US general population is suggested, with varying patterns of cancer incidence in subgroups.

TL;DR: Regular physical activity, nonsmoking, and BMI≥25kg/m(2) were associated with lower risk of adverse outcomes in this cohort of individuals with CKD.

TL;DR: The association of gait speed with HD patients' risk for functional decline warrants continued study, and walking challenges the heart, lungs, and circulatory, nervous, and musculoskeletal systems, provides an informative marker of health status.

TL;DR: Reduced eGFR and increased ACR are consistent strong risk factors for AKI, whereas associations of AKI with age, sex, and race may be weaker in more advanced stages of CKD.

TL;DR: From 6 to 36 months postdonation, serum parathyroid hormone, uric acid, homocysteine, and potassium levels were higher, whereas hemoglobin levels were lower, in donors compared with controls, whereas controls have expected age-related declines in function.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize patients' perspectives of dietary and fluid management in chronic kidney disease to inform clinical practice and research, and suggest strategies to help patients adjust to dietary regimens in order to reduce their impact on quality of life.

TL;DR: From the IRCCS–Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri,” Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Ranica; and Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.

TL;DR: The effect of a 1-year exercise intervention on progression of kidney disease is inconclusive and a larger study with longer follow-up may be necessary.

TL;DR: SPIRIT was associated with improvements in dyad preparation for end-of-life decision making and surrogate bereavement outcomes, including anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic distress symptoms completed by surrogates after patient death.

TL;DR: Short-term use of ferric citrate repletes iron stores, increases hemoglobin levels, and reduces levels of serum phosphate, urinary phosphate excretion, and FGF-23 in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3 to 5.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived and validated a predictive risk score for early mortality after initiating dialysis therapy, which can be used by patients with chronic kidney disease, families, and their nephrologists to estimate the risk of early mortality, which may facilitate informed decision making regarding treatment options.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe patient and caregiver perspectives and experiences of home hemodialysis to inform home HD programs that align with patient preferences, and identify five themes: vulnerability of dialyzing independently (fear of self-needling, feeling unqualified, and anticipating catastrophic complications), fear of being alone (social isolation and medical disconnection), concern of family burden (emotional demands on caregivers, imposing responsibility, family involvement, and medicalizing the home), opportunity to thrive (re-establishing a healthy self-identity, gaining control and freedom, strengthening

TL;DR: This meta-analysis suggests an independent association between serum phosphorus level and kidney failure and mortality among non-dialysis-dependent patients with CKD and suggests that large-scale randomized controlled trials should target disordered phosphorus homeostasis in CKD.

TL;DR: In this paper, a single dose of 10mg of rivaroxaban was administered at the end of each of three consecutive dialysis sessions and area under the curve (AUC) and the effect on coagulation parameters were measured for 44 hours thereafter.

TL;DR: In both RCTs and observational studies, there were no significant differences in recovery of kidney function, fluid removal, or days in the intensive care unit, and EDD showed similar biochemical efficacy to CRRT during treatment (serum urea, serum creatinine, and serum phosphate).

TL;DR: In hemodialysis patients with incident AF, warfarin use was marginally associated with reduced risk of ischemic stroke, and there was a signal toward reduced mortality in as-treated analyses.

TL;DR: Prolonged PPI use and concomitant loop diuretic use are associated with a stronger risk increase in the general population and similar but weaker associations were found in H2RA users, except for interaction withloop diuretics.