Showing papers in "Basic and Applied Ecology in 2004"

TL;DR: The experimental design explicitly addresses criticisms provoked by previous biodiversity experiments, in particular, the choice of functional groups, the statistical separation of sampling versus complementarity effects, and testing for the effects of particular functional groups differ from previous experiments.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review a number of discussions on trophic interactions in a changing world in relation to the scale of ecosystem response to environmental change with emphasis on the soil subsystem, the linkage of above-and belowground subsystems and natural selection and the stability of community structure and ecosystem functioning.

TL;DR: There was a shift from mainly positive relationships among dominant species in fertile mesic communities to mainly negative in infertile xeric ones, and the explanatory power of biotic relationships was community dependent, producing the most significant models for plants highly dominant within their communities.

TL;DR: Urban effects lead to changes of communities through a predictable loss of species, to a reduction in body size in one species, and to increased FA in species which are susceptible to urbanization.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the fast–slow continuum in mammalian life-history is independent of body size or phylogeny, that the F / α ratio adequately quantifies the position of a population along a fast-slow continuum, and that the tempo of life- histories has substantial population-dynamic consequences.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyse data from three squares to illustrate the use of capture-recapture models in monitoring to obtain detectability-corrected estimates of species richness and trend.

TL;DR: This work predicted how food web components would respond to disturbance, based on their dispersal and colonizing abilities, and found that organisms in the bacterial.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a higher diversity of shade trees will help to maintain high parasitoid levels and, in consequence, higher levels of natural enemies of cacao pests, particularly in the warmer seasons.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the main predictions generated by the two main theoretical frameworks used to study parasite diversity, island biogeography theory and epidemiological modelling, which predict that host features that are associated with the probability of colonization by new parasite species should covary with parasite species richness.

TL;DR: The final message of this paper is three-fold: exclusive, implicit assimilation of spatially structured populations to CMs should be avoided, attempts to manage any population using CM theory should be preceded by careful examination of the correspondence between the field situation and assumptions of the theory.

TL;DR: The data show that the least productive species are those being recently excluded from temperate grasslands and consequently, species loss is not connected with decline of productivity, and could result in increased species pool limitation in other communities.

TL;DR: Within two years, differences in species richness and biomass production between sets of communities of different initial species richness disappeared and the positive diversity-productivity relationship was no longer detectable whereas species compositions remained distinct.

TL;DR: A significant species–area relationship was found for arboreal Hemiptera, which was strongly related to habitat diversity, and grassland plants showed a significant species-area relationship.

TL;DR: Hubbell’s neutral theory of biodiversity is used to investigate the decline in species richness from the tropics to the poles, and Niche assembly models will also explain tropical biodiversity, but the enhanced division of habitat may be the result, not the cause, of the species richness.

TL;DR: It is shown that even in an alleged constitutively defended plant, damage of one compartment affects secondary metabolite level in the other.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the classical metapopulation theory is most appropriate for species living in highly fragmented landscapes and for these situations, the patch-occupancy metAPopulation models provide a modelling approach that has been helpful also for conservation.

TL;DR: There are general statistical patterns emerging on particular spatial and temporal scales, which indicate the existence of some universal principles behind many ecological phenomena, and which can even be used for the prediction of phenomena occurring on finer scales of resolution.

TL;DR: The results suggest that maintaining an evenly distributed mixture of forage species may help suppress weeds as well, and aboveground weed abundance declined as the evenness of resident forage Species increased in mixtures.

TL;DR: It is proposed that different examples of extinction loss in the real or a potential future world form a continuum from situations where the results of the first-generation biodiversity experiments will be highly relevant to less relevant.

TL;DR: Testing the hypothesis that an unspecialized fungal endophyte restricted to the root system of the host plant is able to mediate the interaction between a polyphagous herbivorous insect and its host plant indicated a significant variation in the ability of inoculated and control plants to support the life history stages of the insect.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the specific composition of parasitoid assemblages could significantly alter parasitism at different host densities independently of landscape structural complexity.

TL;DR: This study uses a multivariate approach to analyse if trait-based emergent species groups have real functional significance, i.e. if these groups are characterised by specific response profiles to a wide range of environmental factors.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the 15 N natural abundance method fails to quantitatively estimate BNF in heterogeneous forests, based on spatially systematic sampling of 20 potentially N 2 -fixing legume tree and liana species, and of a range of differing references representing the ‘soil-derived nitrogen’.

TL;DR: The neutral model, because of its conceptual simplicity and rigor, should be considered as a null model for baseline comparison to actual patterns of distribution, abundance, species composition, and beta diversity.

TL;DR: Investigation of vegetation structure on oviposition of the polyphagous tansy leaf beetle Galeruca tanaceti and on egg parasitism by the specialist egg parasitoid Oomyzus galerucivorus found parasitism was influenced by the presence of a host plant, Achillea millefolium, and a sunny microclimate.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the first detailed survey (10 m × 10 m resolution) of nationally red-listed bryophytes and lichens at stand level in boreal forests.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of clipping and spraying with jasmonic acid on growth, morphology, leaf physiology and reproduction of the invasive Solidago canadensis in Europe were studied.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore possibilities to include such interactions into ecosystem models at scales that range from global to local, and suggest to expand the plant functional type concept (aggregating plants into groups according to their physiological attributes) to include functional types of aboveground-belowground interactions.

TL;DR: The methods that have been most commonly employed to explore macroecological questions are summarized, important methodological issues that need to be considered when interpreting Macroecological data are discussed, and likely future developments in macroecology methodology are suggested.

TL;DR: It is suggested that species-specific characteristics increase the spatial heterogeneity of canopy gas exchange and should be taken into account in the interpretation and prediction of gas flux from mixed stands.