Showing papers in "Brain and Language in 2005"

TL;DR: This preliminary, open trial suggests that rTMS may provide a novel treatment approach for aphasia by possibly modulating the distributed, bi-hemispheric language network.

TL;DR: It is suggested that normal readers in an orthographically transparent language (Italian) adopt a lexical strategy quite early in their learning and dyslexics seem unable to learn this mode of processing and continue to use a sub-lexical reading procedure.

TL;DR: The conclusions drawn by Kohnert are evaluated and the theoretical implications of the facilitatory effects of cognate words for models of speech production in bilingual speakers are discussed.

TL;DR: The BOLD response was greater during overt speech in areas that have been shown to play an important role in speech production including left premotor cortex/BA6, left primary motor cortex, left insula, and left superior temporal gyrus.

TL;DR: There was a significant correlation between performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and language measures such as comprehension and naming and no relationship between language and a test of visuospatial functioning, which suggests that language plays a role in complex problem solving, possibly through covert language processes.

TL;DR: Two experiments are reported that replicate and extend Köhler's claims using an implicit interference task that allows for multiple measures per subject, and does not require subjects to make explicit decisions about the relation between visual form and meaning.

TL;DR: The data support the view that the memorized words of the mental lexicon are subserved by a brain system involving left temporal/temporo-parietal structures, whereas aspects of themental grammar, in particular the computation of regular morphological forms, are sub served by a distinct system involvingleft frontal structures.

TL;DR: This paper explores the specificity of the relationship between rapid automatic naming and reading fluency and suggests that rapid alphanumeric naming is a highly specific predictor of reading rate and that rapid digit naming and phonological processing are distinct contributors to different aspects of reading in poor readers.

TL;DR: It is suggested that both the age of listeners and the sensitivity of psychoacoustic tasks to age-related changes in auditory skills may be crucial factors in studies of sound processing in SLI.

TL;DR: The CHI group was differentially poorer at comprehending sarcastic versus sincere remarks, although type of sarcastic materials did not influence performance, and theory of mind (mentalising) was assessed by comparing comprehension of human actions with control physical events.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that BECTS may be associated with impairment to language is supported and the possibility of a direct link between epileptic activity and language development, and the existence of long-term consequences, is suggested.

TL;DR: The results indicate a dramatic improvement in phonological awareness following phonemic discrimination training without matching perceptual learning.

TL;DR: Analysis of fine-grained feature knowledge data show that distinctive features of concepts were more vulnerable than shared, and the amount of attribute knowledge about a concept was associated reliably, and in a graded fashion, with the ability to name a picture of that item.

TL;DR: Findings agree with the hypothesis that RHD subjects are impaired in deriving from visual information the mental model of a story and indicate that clinical methods for analyzing structural aspects of discourse are suitable to identify these symptoms.

TL;DR: The Boston Naming Test is appropriate for use in a Swedish-speaking context and an effective test for assessment of naming ability.

TL;DR: The results suggest that noun-verb homonymy has an important influence on the patterns of neural activation associated with words denoting objects and actions, and that even when the phonological forms are identical, the patternsof neural activation are different according to the demands of the task.

TL;DR: It is assumed that number magnitude comparison is performed by assessing magnitude representation on a single analog mental number line, but there is a unit-decade-compatibility effect in German which is inconsistent with this assumption, and the compatibility effect with native English speakers is examined.

TL;DR: Results provided initial support for processing deficits in speakers with ataxic and hypokinetic dysarthria that are separable from motor execution impairments.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that sentence meaning involving motion in a concrete topographical context, whether linked to animate or inanimate subjects nouns, yield more activation in a bilateral posterior network, including fusiform/parahippocampal, and retrosplenial regions, and the temporal-occipital-parietal junction.

TL;DR: Age-related changes in narrative speech of 79 adults aged 40-91 showed that aging increases quantity, reduces density of informational content and cohesive reference of narratives and increases the units of irrelevant content.

TL;DR: It will be argued that the data can better be accounted for by relying on newer linguistic theories such as the Minimalist Program (MP), which does not assume a hierarchical order between independent syntactic Tense and Agreement nodes but treats them as different features under a single node.

TL;DR: The present fMRI study of semantic fluency for animal and tool names provides further evidence for category-specific brain activations, and reports task-related changes in effective connectivity among defined cerebral regions.

TL;DR: Short stimuli containing only one rise time produced associations with phonological skills and reading, even in a language where the perception of rise time contrasts are not crucial for the signaling of phonemic contrast.

TL;DR: The patients were found to be selectively impaired in tense marking in the face of preserved mood and agreement marking, and V2 scores varied across patients, with some showing impaired and others preserved V2 performance.

TL;DR: Fluent and nonfluent forms of PPA are clinically distinguishable by letter fluency, single word comprehension, object naming, and types of paraphasic errors, and there is a large amount of overlap between dysfunctional anatomic regions associated with these syndromes.

TL;DR: Reduced verb fluency appears to be a linguistic marker for incipient dementia in subjects referred for cognitive complaints including Subjective Cognitive Impairment, Mild Cognitive Impairs, and Alzheimer's disease.

TL;DR: A novel, fully automated approach for the delineation of brain lesions on MR scans using a general linear model that can be used to generate reproducible detection of lesions is proposed.

TL;DR: The impairment in non-decomposable idioms was related to congenital agenesis of the corpus callosum, which suggests that the consequences of impaired interhemispheric communication are borne more by configurational than by compositional language.

TL;DR: The mismatch negativity component of the auditory event-related potential was used to determine the effect of native language, Russian, on the processing of speech-sound duration in a second language, Finnish, that uses duration as a cue for phonological distinction.