Showing papers in "European Psychiatry in 2013"

TL;DR: A secure home, public and hospital environment, without access to suicidal means is a necessary strategy in suicide prevention and each treatment option, prescription of medication and discharge of the patient from hospital should be carefully evaluated against the involved risks.

TL;DR: A critical appraisal of the current use and role of BZDs in psychiatric disorders and their disadvantages is provided, with specific emphasis on anxiety and affective disorders, sleep disorders, alcohol withdrawal, violent and aggressive behaviours in psychoses, and neuroleptic-induced disorders.

TL;DR: The OASIS service represents one of the largest and most established prodromal services in the world and the burden of research evidence and the translational impact produced on the clinical practice support the OasIS as a model for the development of similar services.

TL;DR: The aim of this review is to illustrate the biophysical principles of deep TMS, to explain the pathophysiological basis for its utilization in each psychiatric disorder, and to summarize the results presented thus far in the international scientific literature regarding the use ofdeep TMS in psychiatry, its side effects and its effects on cognitive functions.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive overview of the role of allostatic load in the patophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) and its practical implications is provided, which can help to reconcile cognitive impairment and increased rates of clinical comorbidities that occur over the course of cumulative BD episodes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the interactions between tDCS and drug therapy in unipolar and bipolar depressed patients who were refractory for at least one pharmacological treatment and found that tDCS over the DLPFC acutely improved depressive symptoms.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the potential of circadian measures as early markers of mood disorders subtypes and found that patients with bipolar disorders had significantly lower levels and later onset of melatonin secretion than those with unipolar depression.

TL;DR: Tooth loss was associated with an increased risk of both dementia and cognitive decline in a cohort of people with type 2 diabetes.

TL;DR: RTMS was safe and well-tolerated, and resulted in reduced levels of feeling full, feeling fat and feeling anxious, suggesting that rTMS may reduce core symptoms of anorexia nervosa.

TL;DR: Bullying and violence in schools and emotional abuse appear to be more salient markers of general personality pathology than other forms of childhood adversity.

TL;DR: Basic social cognition does not appear to be impaired in people with BN, and future research should make use of more complex, ecologically valid measures, and consider the relationship between task performance and everyday social functioning.

TL;DR: Patients with AD have a different pattern of co-morbidity, but die from the same diseases as other hospitalized patients, and preventive measures may be helpful to reduce the high risk and fatal consequences of undetected disease in AD.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the neural response to the view of their own body pictures (normal size and distorted) was evaluated in 18 female anorexia nervosa (AN) restricting type patients, and in 19 healthy female subjects (HC) using fMRI.

TL;DR: In this paper, the cumulative number, duration and subtypes (severity and presence of psychotic features) of previous episodes of depression in patients with unipolar depressive disorder in a remitted state are associated with decreased global cognitive function.

TL;DR: In this paper, a monozygotic (MZ) twin differences approach was used to assess possible genetic confounding in the association between childhood adversity and positive and negative psychotic experiences, and it was shown that individuals exposed to childhood adversity are more likely to report psychotic experiences.

TL;DR: The SPQ subscales and items describing ideas of reference and lack of close interpersonal relationships were found to correlate significantly with TTP, and the co-occurrence of these features doubled the risk of TTP.

TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic review using meta-analysis procedures was conducted to assess the relationship between eating disorders and peer and family influence and evaluate whether gender plays a moderator role in that relationship.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined levels of mental health literacy among adolescents in Sweden using two pre-established vignettes that presented an adolescent with symptoms of either depression or schizophrenia.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimate the prevalence of non-medicated subjects having schizophrenia spectrum disorder and study how they differ from medicated subjects in terms of sociodemographic and illness-related variables.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors employed a customized affective priming task, which consisted of three subtests, differing in the modality of the prime (face, written word, and sound) and targets were always written words of either positive or negative valence.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used self-rated dimensional anxiety scales to assess the sensitivity of individuals with different levels of anxiety disorders to clinical severity levels and found that individuals with either subthreshold or threshold anxiety disorder scored higher on all dimensional scales relative to individuals without anxiety.

TL;DR: The results support the contention of a global cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia that to some extent may be determined by impaired processing speed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined correlations between apathy evaluation scales (AES) ratings and actigraphic measures of daytime activity in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.

TL;DR: In this article, the role of psychosocial deprivation (PSD), including childhood physical and sexual abuse, in structural brain volumes of violent individuals with ASPD or schizophrenia was examined for the first time.

TL;DR: This work demonstrates that checking behavior in OCD is linked to a general reduction of the patients’ verbal and visuospatial working memory span.

TL;DR: The first European study on the relationship between CIP, consumption pattern variables and personality disorders was presented in this article, which evaluated 173 cocaine-dependent patients over 18 years; mostly males, whose average age was 33.6 years (SD = 7.8).

TL;DR: This study provides first evidence that treatment with ATX improves driving performance in real traffic in adults with ADHD, as well as subjective measures of driving performance.

TL;DR: Number of potentially traumatic war experiences, in particular imprisonment, may be considered as a relevant risk factor for suicidality in people affected by war.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the heterogeneity of schizotypal traits using factor and latent class analysis and found that the most extreme features are defined not only by a profile of higher positive replies to the items, but also by anhedonia, high psychological distress, and family history of psychosis.

TL;DR: Older adults were both more mindful and psychologically healthy and each facet of mindfulness was a significant predictor of psychological well-being.