Showing papers in "Modern Pathology in 2010"

TL;DR: Recently, various molecular techniques, particular gene expression profiling, have been increasingly used to help refine breast cancer classification and to assess prognosis and response to therapy.

TL;DR: The modified TNM described in this study ameliorates the clinical applicability and prediction of outcome of the ENETS–TNM and assigns a risk of death proportional to the stage at the time of diagnosis, and allows a clinically based staging of patients, as the T parameters as modified permit their clinical-radiological recognition.

TL;DR: Androgen receptor-targeted therapy in estrogen/progesterone receptor-negative tumors may provide an inexpensive alternative to usual high-dose chemotherapy with or without trastuzumab and suggest that these tumors together comprises the ‘molecular apocrine’ group described previously.

TL;DR: The follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma was shown to be close to the follicular adenoma/carcinoma group of tumors with a high RAS and very low BRAF mutation rates, and infiltrative follicular variants had a much higher frequency of extrathyroid extension, positive margins and nodal metastases than encapsulated tumors.

TL;DR: A panel of miRNAs that can be used as a sputum-based test for early stage squamous cell carcinoma of the lungs was developed and showed the potential to improve the early detection of lung squamouscell carcinomas.

TL;DR: Endometrial and ovarian carcinomas with undifferentiated components have a broad histologic differential diagnosis, but they show specific histologic features that should enable accurate diagnosis.

TL;DR: The data show that the overexpression of vimentsin was closely associated with recurrence and death in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients, and the combination of the upregulation of vimentin and aberrant expression of E-cadherin/β-catenin complexes at the tumour invasive front may provide a useful prognostic marker in oral Squamous cell cancer.

TL;DR: It is concluded that triple-negative breast cancers in an Asian population harbor adverse pathobiological features, and an immunohistochemical surrogate panel can be reliably used to define basal-like cancers among them.

TL;DR: It is shown that ovarian borderline tumors and carcinomas aberrantly express B7-H3 and B7x, and that B7 -H3-positive tumor vasculature is associated with high-grade serous histological subtype, increased recurrence and reduced survival.

TL;DR: The data provide confirmation of the frequent presence of the FOXL2 C134W mutation in adult granulosa cell tumors and demonstrate that the mutation is not associated with alteredFOXL2 expression.

TL;DR: The assessment of ERα, PgR, and HER2 in breast cancer is reviewed, emphasizing recent progress and persistent controversies.

TL;DR: It is proposed that chronic chorioamnionitis defines a common placental pathological lesion among the preterm labor and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes groups, especially in cases of late preterm birth.

TL;DR: The miRNA expression signature for malignant astrocytoma, in particular glioblastoma, is identified and the miRNA involvement and their importance in astroCytoma development is showed.

TL;DR: Differential expressions of TTF-1, Napsin A, surfactant apoprotein A, estrogen receptor, GATA-3, mammaglobin, and GCDFP-15 immunostains in pulmonary carcinomas and invasive mammary carcinomas found to be helpful for differentiating between metastatic breast cancer and primary lung cancer are investigated.

TL;DR: It is shown for the first time that CD133+ colorectal tumors are more resistant to 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy.

TL;DR: Patients with submucosal invasive colorectal carcinoma that show at least one of three factors—lymphatic invasion, moderately or poorly differentiated tumor grade, tumor budding, or tumor budding—are at high risk for lymph node metastasis.

TL;DR: The frequency of ERG rearrangement prostate cancer and three 5 prime (5′) gene fusion partners (ie, TMPRSS2, SLC45A3, and NDRG1) in a large prostatectomy cohort is described, the first study to describe the frequency of SLC 45A3–ERG fusions in aLarge clinical cohort.

TL;DR: Three of the four cases showed clinical findings overlapping with plasma cell myeloma, that is, monoclonal serum immunoglobulin and lytic bone lesions, and these cases showed complex cytogenetic changes that are more commonly observed in plasma cellMyeloma.

TL;DR: MDM2 and CDK4 immunostains reliably distinguish low-grade osteosarcoma from benign histological mimics, and their combination may serve as a useful adjunct in this difficult differential diagnosis.

TL;DR: Adipophilin expression is not as useful for the differential diagnosis that includes metastatic renal cell carcinoma, a rare but important, diagnostic differential and can be valuable in an immunohistochemical panel when evaluating cutaneous lesions with clear cell histology as it identifies intracytoplasmic lipid vesicles in sebaceous and xanthomatous lesions.

TL;DR: Tumors from the USA and from Italy showed similar overall survival, although the prevalence of poorly differentiated carcinoma was higher in Northern Italy, and the risk of death was higher for age ≥45, tumors ≥4 cm, and IMP3 positivity.

TL;DR: It is proposed that PD-1 expression in CD8 cells reflects the selective suppression of cytotoxic lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment and predicts recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma after conventional therapies.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that despite the similarity in miRNA expression among lung adenocarcinomas with different somatic mutations, some miRNAs showed unique expression patterns, which were in strong correlation with the mutation type, suggesting different carcinogenic pathway for these tumors.

TL;DR: It is critical that both clinicians and pathologists understand there is a random component to micrometastasis distribution within the three-dimensional paraffin tissue blocks.

TL;DR: The FISH technique with its present composition of locus-specific probes for RREB1/MYB and CCND1 did not achieve a clinically useful sensitivity and specificity, and a reassessment of the probes and better standardization of the method may lead to a valuable diagnostic tool.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the biology of steatogenesis in malignant tumors and found that lipid droplet-associated proteins of the PAT-family, named after their constituents perilipin, adipophilin and TIP47, are differentially expressed in different tumor types and thus may support diagnostic considerations.

TL;DR: This is the largest series documenting embolization of polymer gel materials, now widely used on several devices for interventional procedures worldwide, and it is suspected that complications associated with iatrogenic embolizations of this substance are under-recognized.

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that the ERG rearrangement as well as the distinct deletion site on 21q22.2–3 between TMPRSS2 and ERG are prostate-cancer-specific genomic alterations.

TL;DR: This study represents the largest series of sarcomatoid and desmoplastic malignant mesotheliomas to date and confirms the diagnostic usefulness of CK immunohistochemistry.

TL;DR: High-grade müllerian carcinomas share identical frequencies of altered or reduced expression of p53, PTEN and PAX2, all of which can be appreciated in tubal intraepithelial carcinomas.