Showing papers in "The American Journal of Gastroenterology in 2020"

TL;DR: It is found that digestive symptoms are common in patients with COVID-19 and that the index of suspicion may need to be raised earlier in at-risk patients presenting with digestive symptoms, but further large sample studies are needed to confirm these findings.

TL;DR: A unique subgroup of COVID-19 patients with mild disease severity marked by the presence of digestive symptoms is described, more likely to test positive for viral RNA in stool, to have a longer delay before viral clearance, and to experience delayed diagnosis compared with patients with only respiratory symptoms.

TL;DR: This guideline statement evaluates criteria for diagnosis, defines the optimal methods for diagnostic testing, and summarizes treatment options for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.

TL;DR: Overall, the incidence of celiac disease has been significantly rising in the latter half of the 20th century and into the 21st century throughout the Western world.

TL;DR: This guideline will provide an evidence-based practical approach to the diagnosis and management of CP for the general gastroenterologist.

TL;DR: A case of SARS-CoV-2 gastrointestinal infection causing acute hemorrhagic colitis and signaling COVID-19 disease is presented which endoscopy confirmed colonic injury and helped exclude other etiologies of disease.

TL;DR: Evidence of an independent, dose-response relationship between the use of antisecretory medications and COVID-19 positivity is found; individuals taking PPIs twice daily have higher odds for reporting a positive test when compared with those using lower-dose PPIs up to once daily, and those taking the less potent histamine-2 receptor antagonists are not at increased risk.

TL;DR: The aim is to identify article(s) that might examine relationship between the baseline colonoscopy examination and subsequent neoplasia on follow-up and to establish a protocol for following up on this relationship.

TL;DR: FMT did not improve IR as measured by HOMA-IR or hepatic PDFF but did have the potential to reduce small intestinal permeability in patients with NAFLD.

TL;DR: A pooled analysis from 8 surveillance studies that followed participants with adenomas after a baseline colonoscopy suggested that although the majority (50%) of post-colonoscopy colon cancers were likely due to missed lesions, close to one-fifth of incident cancers were related to incomplete resection.

TL;DR: Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that famotidine was an independent predictor of both lower mortality and combined death/intubation, whereas older age, body mass index >30 kg/m2, chronic kidney disease, National Early Warning Score, and higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio were all predictors of both adverse outcomes.

TL;DR: Key concept statements based on author expert opinion and review of literature and specific recommendations based on PICO/GRADE analysis have been developed to aid in the management of vascular liver disorders.

TL;DR: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting SIBO prevalence in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and controls suggests a link between IBS and SIBO, but the overall quality of the evidence is low.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors elaborate on the close relationship between COVID-19 and the digestive system, focusing on both the clinical findings and potential underlying mechanisms of COVID19 gastrointestinal pathogenesis.

TL;DR: Although a mild elevation in serum lipase was observed in some patients with COVID-19, clinical acute pancreatitis was not seen and hyperlipasemia was not associated with poor outcomes or symptoms.

TL;DR: The first case of COVID-19 presenting as acute, nonicteric hepatitis is reported, with a 59-year-old woman admitted because of the concern of rising liver tests in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus disease.

TL;DR: An updated literature review was conducted to develop a contemporary HBV prevalence range estimate and a panel of leading US hepatologists proposed an overall estimated prevalence for chronic HBV infection in the US of 1.59 million persons.

TL;DR: This ACG clinical guideline used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation process to describe performance characteristics and clinical value of esophageal physiologic tests and provide recommendations for their utilization in routine clinical practice.

TL;DR: Significant observations of increasing ALD severity emphasize the urgent need for greater awareness about the consequences of unhealthy alcohol use and interventions aimed specifically at addressing alcohol use disorders.

TL;DR: The model exceeds PIVI thresholds for both "resect and discard" and "diagnose and leave" strategies independent of NBI use and point-of-care adenoma detection rate and surveillance recommendations are potential added benefits.

TL;DR: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies on the association between cigarette smoking and CRC risk published up to September 2018 concluded that smoking greatly increases the risk of CRC that develops through the microsatellite instability pathway, characterized by micros Satellite instability-high, CpG island methylator phenotype positive, and BRAF mutation.

TL;DR: Conservative management seems to be a reasonable initial approach in managing these complex cases of gastrointestinal bleeding, but larger studies are needed to guide management.

TL;DR: Members of the International Society for Hepatic Encephalopathy and Nitrogen Metabolism recognized 5 key unresolved questions in HE management, and a consensus document addresses these topical issues with a succinct review of the literature and statements that critically evaluate the current science and practice.

TL;DR: A disease model is proposed that accounts for all of the intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms, relationship to food and infection, and the overlap with gastroesophageal reflux disease and, in subsets, immune activation may explain the female predominance and fluctuations in immune activity for symptom variability over time.

TL;DR: Functional lumen imaging probe metrics that are diagnostic or suggestive of an abnormal motor pattern and metrics that define normal esophageal physiology were developed by consensus and are described in this review.

TL;DR: TDF and ETV did not significantly differ in the prevention of HCC in patients with chronic hepatitis B and no association between regimens (TDF or ETV) and HCC risk was found in the multivariable-adjusted analysis.

TL;DR: The Virtual Platform – How It Works and Special Events – Open to All Attendees are presented.

TL;DR: Tenapanor 50 mg b.i.d. improved IBS-C symptoms and was generally well tolerated, offering a potential new treatment option for patients with IBS -C.

TL;DR: There are no current therapies to delay or retard disease progression, but there are ongoing efforts to more fully understand the natural history of chronic pancreatitis and underlying mechanisms of disease.