Showing papers in "Virology in 2007"

TL;DR: Analysis of the replication and budding sites of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) at early time points of infection revealed that budding occurred at membranes of the ERGIC and the Golgi region as early as 3 h post infection, demonstrating that SARS- coV replicates surprisingly fast.

TL;DR: The cap gene was the more suitable phylogenetic and epidemiological marker for PCV2, despite the fact that the virus can undergo recombination mainly within the first part of the rep region.

TL;DR: It is shown that 12 other paramyxoviruses also target mda-5 by a direct interaction between the conserved cysteine-rich C-terminus of their V proteins and the helicase domain of mDA-5, and that the inhibition of m da-5 function is also not restricted to mammalian cells.

TL;DR: Results indicate that the 123/124 site of the NS1A protein most likely functionally interacts with the viral polymerase to mediate temporal regulation of viral RNA synthesis, whereas PKR would bind to NS1 A proteins in the cytoplasm prior to their import into the nucleus.

TL;DR: Analysis of coding sequences of all recognized tick-borne flavivirus species suggest a complex relationship between viruses infecting birds and those infecting mammals and ticks that feed on both categories of vertebrates may constitute the evolutionary bridge between the three distinct identified lineages.

TL;DR: It is reported that VSV glycoprotein G (gpG) is essential for the induction of a previously unrecognized CD14/TLR4-dependent response pathway in which the adapter TRAM has predominant importance, absent any need for MyD88 or Mal, and with only a partial requirement for TRIF.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the conserved antigenic site recognized by all seven MAbs is likely to be a dominant DENV-2 type-specific, neutralization determinant.

TL;DR: The dual sites of action of an HS-like molecule suggest that, at least in monkey kidney and human hepatic cells, the HS residues in the cell membrane appear to act as mediators for DENV-2 entry, an interesting alternative target for flavivirus therapy.

TL;DR: Some properties of clonal viruses resistant to one such inhibitor, SCH-D, are described, using both chimeric, infectious molecular clones and Env-pseudotypes to correct the previous report that SCH- D-resistant isolates are also substantially cross-resistant to PSC-RANTES.

TL;DR: The data suggest that PB2 might play a pivotal role in molecular interactions involving both the viral nucleoprotein and cellular proteins, and high levels of activity which were determined mostly by the PB2 and PA proteins.

TL;DR: Visualization of the sub-cellular localization of TYLCV-Is V2 in plant protoplasts and tissues showed that this protein is associated with cytoplasmic strands and inclusion bodies in the cortical regions of the cell, suggesting that it targets a step in the RNA silencing pathway which is subsequent to the Dicer-mediated cleavage of dsRNA.

TL;DR: Phylogenetic analyses revealed that CxFV is closely related to the insect flaviviruses associated with Aedes mosquitoes, Cell fusing agent (CFA) and Kamiti River virus (KRV).

TL;DR: 7 H9N2 avian viruses isolated from United Arab Emirates had an additional basic amino acid at the hemagglutinin-connecting peptide and contained a mutation associated with increased affinity toward human-like sialic acid substrates, and may present as potential pandemic candidates themselves.

TL;DR: Complete genome sequencing of four strains of bat-CoV HKU2 revealed the smallest coronavirus genome and a unique spike protein evolutionarily distinct from the rest of the genome, which suggest a common evolutionary origin in the spike protein of bat -CoVHKU2, bat-SARS- CoV, and SARS- coV.

TL;DR: The protein content of vaccinia virus mature virions, purified by rate zonal and isopycnic centrifugations and solubilized by SDS or a solution of urea and thiourea, was determined by the accurate mass and time tag technology which uses both tandem mass spectrometry and Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectromaetry to detect tryptic peptides separated by high-resolution liquid chromatography.

TL;DR: It is shown here that the MV P protein also contributes to immune evasion, and that tyrosine 110 is required to block nuclear translocation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription factors (STAT) after interferon type I treatment.

TL;DR: Understanding the process of NS5A phosphorylation and the definite identification of the culprit cellular protein kinase(s) will shed light on the mechanisms of HCV RNA replication and/or pathogenesis.

TL;DR: ICP0 provides an example of how viruses can block IFN-beta induction by sequestration of important transcription factors essential for the host response by hypothesizing that ICP0 recruits activated IRF-3 and CBP/p300 to nuclear structures, away from the host chromatin.

TL;DR: These studies indicate that HCoV-NL63, like SARS-CoV, associates region of human ACE2 that includes a key loop formed by β-strands 4 and 5.

TL;DR: Following intranasal inoculation of macaques, wild type VSV, rVSV, and two r VSV-HIV vectors showed no evidence of spread to CNS tissues, however, macaques inoculated intrathalamically with wt VSV developed severe neurological disease.

TL;DR: Transfected MDCK cells with porcine aminopeptidase (pAPN) cDNA enabled non-susceptible cells to support PEDV replication and serial viral propagation, and results indicate that pAPN is a functional receptor for P EDV.

TL;DR: The T4-like genome appears to be partitioned into discrete segments that fulfil different functions and behave differently in evolution, which may be critical for these large and complex phages to maintain their flexibility, while simultaneously allowing them to conserve their highly successful virion design and mode of replication.

TL;DR: The finding of distinct SIVcpzPtt envelope V3 sequence clades suggests that these peptides may be useful for the serological differentiation of SIV CPZPtt and HIV-1 infections, and thus the diagnosis of new cross-species transmissions if they occurred.

TL;DR: There is increasing evidence that viral infection, expression of viral protein or the presence of viral DNA causes the host cell cycle to arrest during G2/M.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated for the first time that humanized mice are capable of dengue viral primary human immune responses thus paving the way for new d Dengue immunopathogenesis and vaccine studies.

TL;DR: The mixture of equal volumes of three antisera, pro-P18/38, anti-P56/75, and anti-mutant P96/115, neutralized HPV16, 18, 31, and 58 more efficiently than anti- P56/ 75 alone, suggesting that there is a synergistic effect of antibodies on the cross-neutralization.

TL;DR: Exosome-based vaccines containing the spike S proteins of SARS-CoV and an adenoviral vector vaccine expressing the S protein were explored and effective in a Sars-S-expressing tumor challenge model and thus warrant further investigation.

TL;DR: It is found that a fluorescent protein fusion targeted to the plasma membrane by the addition of the N-terminal 15 amino acid sequence of c-Src (S15) is efficiently packaged into HIV virions.

TL;DR: The engineering of an innovative vaccine platform using the papaya mosaic virus (PapMV) capsid protein (CP) as a carrier protein and a C-terminal fused hepatitis C virus E2 epitope as the immunogenic target demonstrates for the first time the potential of the PapMV vaccine platform and the critical function of multimerization in its immunogenicity.

TL;DR: It is proposed that Hsp90 is a host factor that is important for the replication of many negative strand viruses.