Journal ArticleDOI
A review of the properties and limitations of the Ashworth and modified Ashworth Scales as measures of spasticity
Anand Pandyan,Garth R. Johnson,Christopher Price,Richard Curless,Michael P. Barnes,Helen Rodgers +5 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The application of both scales would suggest that confusion exists on their characteristics and limitations as measures of spasticity, and there is a need to standardize methods to apply these scales in clinical practice and research.Abstract:
Background: The Ashworth Scale and the modified Ashworth Scale are the primary clinical measures of spasticity. A prerequisite for using any scale is a knowledge of its characteristics and limitations, as these will play a part in analysing and interpreting the data. Despite the current emphasis on treating spasticity, clinicians rarely measure it.Objectives: To determine the validity and the reliability of the Ashworth and modified Ashworth Scales.Study design: A theoretical analysis following a structured literature review (key words: Ashworth; Spasticity; Measurement) of 40 papers selected from the BIDS-EMBASE, First Search and Medline databases.Conclusions: The application of both scales would suggest that confusion exists on their characteristics and limitations as measures of spasticity. Resistance to passive movement is a complex measure that will be influenced by many factors, only one of which could be spasticity. The Ashworth Scale (AS) can be used as an ordinal level measure of resistance to pa...read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Identifying instruments to assess care quality for individuals with custom ankle foot orthoses: A scoping review
Stefania Fatone,Sara Jerousek,Billie C.S. Slater,Anne Deutsch,Anne Deutsch,Sherri L. LaVela,Michelle Peterson,Nicole T. Soltys,Vari McPherson,Allen W. Heinemann +9 more
TL;DR: Complementary scoping reviews demonstrated that some instruments with reasonable psychometric properties are available that are feasible to use in developing quality measures for custom AFO care, but experience of care instruments suitable for this population were not identified.
Book ChapterDOI
Intelligent Robotics and Immersive Displays for Enhancing Haptic Interaction in Physical Rehabilitation Environments
TL;DR: This chapter introduces novel techniques to incorporate robotics, machine learning, and augmented reality for the purposes of enhancing the haptic interactions provided by therapists to assist patients in their rehabilitation process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does intrathecal baclofen therapy decrease the progression of hip displacement in young patients with cerebral palsy?
A. Asma,Armagan Can Ulusaloglu,Jason J. Howard,Kenneth J. Rogers,Maura McManus,Freeman Miller,M Wade Shrader +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the effects of intrathecal baclofen pump (ITBP) therapy on hip dysplasia in young patients with cerebral palsy (CP) were evaluated.
Book ChapterDOI
Myotonometric Measurement of Muscular Properties of Hemiparetic Arms in Stroke Patients
TL;DR: Skeletal muscle changes after stroke is described and functional roles of muscle tone, elasticity, and stiffness are defined and the clinical value of myotonometric measurements in stroke rehabilitation is concluded.
Cost-minimization analysis in the treatment of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy with botulinum toxin type A: an observational, longitudinal, retrospective study Análisis de minimización de costes del tratamiento de la espasticidad en niños con parálisis cerebral con toxina botulínica tipo A: un estudio observacional, longitudinal, retrospectivo
Gloria Tapias,Mar García-Romero,Carlos Crespo,Maribel Cuesta,Carles Forné,Samuel I. Pascual-Pascual +5 more
TL;DR: It has been demonstrated that in real clinical practice, the cost per patient and year for treatment of paediatric spasticity was lower when abobotulinumtoxinA was used.
References
More filters
Book
Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences
TL;DR: This is the revision of the classic text in the field, adding two new chapters and thoroughly updating all others as discussed by the authors, and the original structure is retained, and the book continues to serve as a combined text/reference.
Book
An introduction to categorical data analysis
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a tour of categorical data analysis for Contingency Tables and Logit and Loglinear models for contingency tables, as well as generalized linear models for Matched Pairs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interrater Reliability of a Modified Ashworth Scale of Muscle Spasticity
TL;DR: The relationship between the raters' judgments was significant and the reliability was good, and it is believed these results to be positive enough to encourage further trials of the modified Ashworth scale for grading spasticity.
Book
An Introduction to Medical Statistics
TL;DR: The design of experiments, analysis of the means of small samples using the t-c Distribution, and selection of the statistical method for clinical measurement and the structure of human populations are reviewed.
Book
Introduction to multivariate analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the multivariate normal distribution is used for principal component analysis and multivariate analysis of covariance and related topics, as well as multi-dimensional scaling and cluster analysis.