Journal ArticleDOI
A review of the properties and limitations of the Ashworth and modified Ashworth Scales as measures of spasticity
Anand Pandyan,Garth R. Johnson,Christopher Price,Richard Curless,Michael P. Barnes,Helen Rodgers +5 more
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TLDR
The application of both scales would suggest that confusion exists on their characteristics and limitations as measures of spasticity, and there is a need to standardize methods to apply these scales in clinical practice and research.Abstract:
Background: The Ashworth Scale and the modified Ashworth Scale are the primary clinical measures of spasticity. A prerequisite for using any scale is a knowledge of its characteristics and limitations, as these will play a part in analysing and interpreting the data. Despite the current emphasis on treating spasticity, clinicians rarely measure it.Objectives: To determine the validity and the reliability of the Ashworth and modified Ashworth Scales.Study design: A theoretical analysis following a structured literature review (key words: Ashworth; Spasticity; Measurement) of 40 papers selected from the BIDS-EMBASE, First Search and Medline databases.Conclusions: The application of both scales would suggest that confusion exists on their characteristics and limitations as measures of spasticity. Resistance to passive movement is a complex measure that will be influenced by many factors, only one of which could be spasticity. The Ashworth Scale (AS) can be used as an ordinal level measure of resistance to pa...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Inter-rater reliability of the Modified Ashworth Scale and modified Modified Ashworth Scale in assessing poststroke elbow flexor spasticity.
TL;DR: According to the results, MAS and MMAS have very good inter-rater reliability for assessment of poststroke elbow flexor spasticity in patients with hemiplegia for this muscle group.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parameters Representing Muscle Tone, Elasticity and Stiffness of Biceps Brachii in Healthy Older Males: Symmetry and Within-Session Reliability Using the MyotonPRO
TL;DR: Findings indicate potential clinical application of the MyotonPRO for assessing abnormalities of muscle parameters in patients with neurological or musculoskeletal conditions, using comparison with the contralateral side (absolute difference), as well as databases of normative reference values from healthy control groups of different ages, gender and activity levels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimating daily energy expenditure in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
E. J. Kasarskis,Marta S. Mendiondo,Dwight E. Matthews,Hiroshi Mitsumoto,Rup Tandan,Zachary Simmons,Mark B. Bromberg,Richard J Kryscio +7 more
TL;DR: P predictive equations can serve as a basis for recommending placement of a feeding gastrostomy in ALS patients who fail to meet their energy requirements by oral intake and emphasize the importance of physical function and body composition in estimating TDEE.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coordination Between Reaching and Grasping in Patients With Hemiparesis and Healthy Subjects
TL;DR: The hemiparetic patients, who had a moderate amount of functional recovery, were similar to healthy subjects in their ability to control reach-to-grasp components, but their performance was not as skilled, however.
Journal ArticleDOI
How does brain activation differ in children with unilateral cerebral palsy compared to typically developing children, during active and passive movements, and tactile stimulation? An fMRI study
Ann Van de Winckel,Katrijn Klingels,Frans Bruyninckx,Nici Wenderoth,R. Peeters,Stefan Sunaert,Wim Van Hecke,Paul De Cock,Maria Eyssen,Willy De Weerdt,Hilde Feys +10 more
TL;DR: In both groups, active movements displayed significantly more brain activation compared to passive movements and tactile stimulation, and the contralateral cerebellum activation in both groups during different tasks, also in cerebellar areas not primarily linked to the sensorimotor network.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Interrater Reliability of a Modified Ashworth Scale of Muscle Spasticity
TL;DR: The relationship between the raters' judgments was significant and the reliability was good, and it is believed these results to be positive enough to encourage further trials of the modified Ashworth scale for grading spasticity.
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