Anaesthetic neurotoxicity and neuroplasticity: an expert group report and statement based on the BJA Salzburg Seminar
Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic,Anthony Absalom,Klas Blomgren,Ansgar M. Brambrink,G. Crosby,Deborah J. Culley,Gary Fiskum,Rona G. Giffard,Karl F. Herold,Andreas W. Loepke,Daqing Ma,Beverley A. Orser,Emmanuel Planel,W. Slikker,Sulpicio G. Soriano,G. Stratmann,Laszlo Vutskits,Zhongcong Xie,Hugh C. Hemmings +18 more
TLDR
mounting evidence from preclinical studies reveals general anaesthetics to be powerful modulators of neuronal development and function, which could contribute to detrimental behavioural outcomes, however, definitive clinical data remain elusive.Abstract:
Although previously considered entirely reversible, general anaesthesia is now being viewed as a potentially significant risk to cognitive performance at both extremes of age. A large body of preclinical as well as some retrospective clinical evidence suggest that exposure to general anaesthesia could be detrimental to cognitive development in young subjects, and might also contribute to accelerated cognitive decline in the elderly. A group of experts in anaesthetic neuropharmacology and neurotoxicity convened in Salzburg, Austria for the BJA Salzburg Seminar on Anaesthetic Neurotoxicity and Neuroplasticity. This focused workshop was sponsored by the British Journal of Anaesthesia to review and critically assess currently available evidence from animal and human studies, and to consider the direction of future research. It was concluded that mounting evidence from preclinical studies reveals general anaesthetics to be powerful modulators of neuronal development and function, which could contribute to detrimental behavioural outcomes. However, definitive clinical data remain elusive. Since general anaesthesia often cannot be avoided regardless of patient age, it is important to understand the complex mechanisms and effects involved in anaesthesia-induced neurotoxicity, and to develop strategies for avoiding or limiting potential brain injury through evidence-based approaches.read more
Citations
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Neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age after general anaesthesia and awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy (GAS): an international multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Andrew Davidson,Nicola Disma,Jurgen C. de Graaff,Davinia E. Withington,Liam Dorris,Graham Bell,Robyn Stargatt,Robyn Stargatt,David C. Bellinger,David C. Bellinger,Tibor Schuster,Sarah J Arnup,Pollyanna Hardy,Rodney W. Hunt,Rodney W. Hunt,Michael Takagi,Gaia Giribaldi,Penelope L Hartmann,Ida Salvo,Neil S. Morton,Britta S von Ungern Sternberg,Britta S von Ungern Sternberg,Bruno Guido Locatelli,Niall C. T. Wilton,Anne M. Lynn,Joss J. Thomas,David M. Polaner,Oliver Bagshaw,Peter Szmuk,Anthony Absalom,Geoff Frawley,Charles B. Berde,Gillian D Ormond,Jacki Marmor,Mary Ellen McCann +34 more
TL;DR: This trial found no evidence that just under an hour of sevoflurane anaesthesia in infancy increases the risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome at two years of age compared to RA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Propofol.
TL;DR: An overview of the PK and PD of propofol is provided in order to refresh readers’ knowledge of its clinical applications, while discussing the main avenues of research where significant recent advances have been made.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anesthetic Neurotoxicity — Clinical Implications of Animal Models
TL;DR: The FDA collaboration SmartTots recommends undertaking large-scale clinical studies and avoiding nonurgent surgical procedures requiring anesthesia in children younger than 3 years of age.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association between Exposure of Young Children to Procedures Requiring General Anesthesia and Learning and Behavioral Outcomes in a Population-based Birth Cohort.
Danqing Hu,Randall P. Flick,Michael J. Zaccariello,Robert C. Colligan,Slavica K. Katusic,Darrell R. Schroeder,Andrew C. Hanson,Shonie L. Buenvenida,Stephen J. Gleich,Robert T. Wilder,Juraj Sprung,David O. Warner +11 more
TL;DR: Findings in children anesthetized with modern techniques largely confirm those found in an older birth cohort and provide additional evidence that children with multiple exposures are more likely to develop adverse outcomes related to learning and attention.
Journal ArticleDOI
Executive Function in Children and Adolescents with Critical Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
TL;DR: With increased understanding of the cognitive and self-regulatory vulnerabilities experienced by children and adolescents with CHD, it may be possible to identify risks early and provide individualized supports to promote optimal neurodevelopment.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Anesthesia-Induced Hyperphosphorylation Detaches 3-Repeat Tau from Microtubules without Affecting Their Stability In Vivo
Emmanuel Planel,Pavan Krishnamurthy,Tomohiro Miyasaka,Li Liu,Mathieu Herman,Asok Kumar,Alexis Bretteville,Helen Y. Figueroa,Wai Haung Yu,Robert A. Whittington,Peter F. Davies,Akihiko Takashima,Ralph A. Nixon,Karen Duff +13 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Spatial memory performance 2 weeks after general anesthesia in adult rats.
TL;DR: In adult rats, previous general anesthesia is not associated with impaired learning 2 wk later, and in fact, previous 1.2% isoflurane-70% nitrous oxide improves maze performance 2 wK later.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sevoflurane preconditioning induces neuroprotection through reactive oxygen species-mediated up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes in rats.
Qianzi Yang,Hui Dong,Jiao Deng,Qiang Wang,Ruidong Ye,Xuying Li,Sheng Hu,Hailong Dong,Lize Xiong +8 more
TL;DR: Sevoflurane preconditioning reduces infarct size and improved neurobehavioral outcome in a dose-dependent manner through ROS release and consequent up-regulation of antioxidant enzyme activity before ischemic injury in rats.
Journal ArticleDOI
Noxious Stimulation Attenuates Ketamine-induced Neuroapoptosis in the Developing Rat Brain
Jiaren Liu,Qian Liu,Jing Li,Chong Wha Baek,Xiao Hui Han,Umeshkumar Athiraman,Sulpicio G. Soriano +6 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that concurrent surgery and procedural pain attenuates ketamine-induced neuroapoptosis, and the administration of ketamine with concurrent noxious stimulation results in the attenuation of the neuroap optotic response.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization and quantification of isoflurane-induced developmental apoptotic cell death in mouse cerebral cortex.
George K. Istaphanous,Christopher G. Ward,Xinyu Nan,Elizabeth A. Hughes,John McCann,John J. McAuliffe,Steve C. Danzer,Andreas W. Loepke +7 more
TL;DR: Prolonged exposure to isoflurane increased neuronal apoptotic cell death in 7-day-old mice, eliminating approximately 2% of cortical neurons, of which some were identified as GABAergic interneurons.
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