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Animal species and evolution

Ernst Mayr
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The article was published on 1963-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 7870 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Species problem.

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Climatic variability and body size variation in the muskrats ( Ondatra zibethicus ) of North America

TL;DR: It is argued that seasonality is a major factor selecting for large body size in muskrats and other organisms during seasonal periods of resource abundance, while concurrently enhancing survivorship through oncoming periods ofresource shortage.
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Evolutionary stasis and lability in thermal physiology in a group of tropical lizards

TL;DR: It is found that cold tolerance evolves considerably faster than heat tolerance, a difference that results because behavioural thermoregulation more effectively shields these organisms from selection on upper than lower temperature tolerances.
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On the rate of molecular evolution

TL;DR: If the view that evolutionary change of amino acids in proteins has been mainly caused by random fixation of neutral mutants rather than by natural selection is correct, it is concluded that genes of “living fossils” have undergone almost as many DNA base replacements as the corresponding genes of more rapidly evolving species.
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The mosaic that is our genome

TL;DR: To understand what make us unique, both as individuals and as a species, the authors need to consider the genome as a mosaic of discrete segments, each with its own unique history and relatedness to different contemporary and ancestral individuals.
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Contrasting patterns of divergence in quantitative traits and neutral DNA markers: analysis of clinal variation.

TL;DR: Results of the tests confirmed that migration–drift equilibrium is not a sufficient explanation for the latitudinal pattern of clinal size variation in C. sphinx.