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Animal species and evolution

Ernst Mayr
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The article was published on 1963-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 7870 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Species problem.

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The taxon pulse: a general pattern of lineage radiation and extinction among carabid beetles

TL;DR: The realization that changes occur along ordered pathways and are repeated lineage after lineage in the history of major groups leads to the conclusion that evolution has boundaries in which it operates, and that perhaps there are some rules.
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Speciation in Hawaiian angiosperm lineages: cause, consequence, and mode.

TL;DR: The role of speciation in shaping the regional species pool is discussed and evidence for allopatric and parapatric modes is provided, with 15 cases of each.
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The Extended Evolutionary Synthesis and the role of soft inheritance in evolution

TL;DR: It is argued that the focus on soft inheritance has led to a conflation of proximate and ultimate causation, which has obscured key questions about biological organization and calibration across the life span to maximize average lifetime inclusive fitness.
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Diversification in the Tropical Pacific: Comparisons Between Marine and Terrestrial Systems and the Importance of Founder Speciation

TL;DR: It is argued that conditions favorable to founder speciation are common in marine as well as terrestrial systems, and that terrestrial-type, archipelagic-level endemism is likely common in Marine taxa.
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Genetic variation, selection and speciation in thomomys talpoides pocket gophers.

TL;DR: If heterozygosity is evolutionarily significant its degree and pattern must vary widely, within and between species, in accord with environmental complexity, history and population structure and dynamics.