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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Blockchain for Internet of Things: A Survey

TLDR
An in-depth survey of BCoT is presented and the insights of this new paradigm are discussed and the open research directions in this promising area are outlined.
Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) is reshaping the incumbent industry to smart industry featured with data-driven decision-making. However, intrinsic features of IoT result in a number of challenges, such as decentralization, poor interoperability, privacy, and security vulnerabilities. Blockchain technology brings the opportunities in addressing the challenges of IoT. In this paper, we investigate the integration of blockchain technology with IoT. We name such synthesis of blockchain and IoT as blockchain of things (BCoT). This paper presents an in-depth survey of BCoT and discusses the insights of this new paradigm. In particular, we first briefly introduce IoT and discuss the challenges of IoT. Then, we give an overview of blockchain technology. We next concentrate on introducing the convergence of blockchain and IoT and presenting the proposal of BCoT architecture. We further discuss the issues about using blockchain for fifth generation beyond in IoT as well as industrial applications of BCoT. Finally, we outline the open research directions in this promising area.

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Citations
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An overview on smart contracts : Challenges, advances and platforms

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The Road Towards 6G: A Comprehensive Survey

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a comprehensive survey to draw a picture of the 6G system in terms of drivers, use cases, usage scenarios, requirements, key performance indicators (KPIs), architecture, and enabling technologies.
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Blockchain Empowered Asynchronous Federated Learning for Secure Data Sharing in Internet of Vehicles

TL;DR: A new architecture based on federated learning to relieve transmission load and address privacy concerns of providers is proposed and the reliability of shared data is also guaranteed by integrating learned models into blockchain and executing a two-stage verification.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Road Towards 6G: A Comprehensive Survey

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a comprehensive survey to draw a picture of the 6G system in terms of drivers, use cases, usage scenarios, requirements, key performance indicators (KPIs), architecture, and enabling technologies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China.

TL;DR: Phylogenetic and metagenomic analyses of the complete viral genome of a new coronavirus from the family Coronaviridae reveal that the virus is closely related to a group of SARS-like coronaviruses found in bats in China.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Practical Byzantine fault tolerance

TL;DR: A new replication algorithm that is able to tolerate Byzantine faults that works in asynchronous environments like the Internet and incorporates several important optimizations that improve the response time of previous algorithms by more than an order of magnitude.
Journal ArticleDOI

Wireless communications with unmanned aerial vehicles: opportunities and challenges

TL;DR: An overview of UAV-aided wireless communications is provided, by introducing the basic networking architecture and main channel characteristics, highlighting the key design considerations as well as the new opportunities to be exploited.
Journal ArticleDOI

Blockchains and Smart Contracts for the Internet of Things

TL;DR: The conclusion is that the blockchain-IoT combination is powerful and can cause significant transformations across several industries, paving the way for new business models and novel, distributed applications.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)

TL;DR: The ANSI X9.62 ECDSA is described and related security, implementation, and interoperability issues are discussed, and the strength-per-key-bit is substantially greater in an algorithm that uses elliptic curves.
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