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Journal ArticleDOI

Dengue vaccine: hypotheses to understand CYD-TDV-induced protection

Bruno Guy, +1 more
- 01 Jan 2016 - 
- Vol. 14, Iss: 1, pp 45-54
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TLDR
The putative mechanisms behind the observed efficacy of the vaccine against different forms of the disease are discussed, focusing on the interactions between the infecting virus, pre-existing host immunity and vaccine-induced immune responses.
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a human pathogen with a large impact on public health. Although no vaccine against DENV is currently licensed, a recombinant vaccine - chimeric yellow fever virus-DENV tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) - has shown efficacy against symptomatic dengue disease in two recent Phase III clinical trials. Safety observations were also recently reported for these trials. In this Opinion article, we review the data from recent vaccine clinical trials and discuss the putative mechanisms behind the observed efficacy of the vaccine against different forms of the disease, focusing on the interactions between the infecting virus, pre-existing host immunity and vaccine-induced immune responses.

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Benefits and risks of the Sanofi-Pasteur dengue vaccine: Modeling optimal deployment.

TL;DR: It is proposed that this live attenuated vaccine acts like a silent natural infection in priming or boosting host immunity, and a transmission dynamic model incorporating this hypothesis fits recent clinical trial data well and predicts that vaccine effectiveness depends strongly on the age group vaccinated and local transmission intensity.
References
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Research on dengue during World War II.

TL;DR: Dengue research was brought from the field into the laboratory and further progress has been made possible by work on experimental animals instead of on human volunteers, and a great deal more was learned about the basic properties of the dengue viruses.
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