Early clinical and immune response to NNRTI-based antiretroviral therapy among women with prior exposure to single-dose nevirapine.
Benjamin H. Chi,Moses Sinkala,Elizabeth M. Stringer,Elizabeth M. Stringer,Ronald A. Cantrell,Ronald A. Cantrell,Velepi Mtonga,Marc Bulterys,Isaac Zulu,Chipepo Kankasa,Catherine M. Wilfert,Paul J. Weidle,Sten H. Vermund,Sten H. Vermund,Jeffrey S. A. Stringer,Jeffrey S. A. Stringer +15 more
TLDR
Exposure to maternal single-dose NVP was not associated with substantially different short-term treatment outcomes, however, evidence was suggestive that exposure within 6 months of ART initiation may be a risk factor for poor treatment outcomes.Abstract:
The objective was to determine whether prior exposure to single-dose nevirapine (NVP) for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) is associated with attenuated CD4 cell response death or clinical treatment failure in women starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) containing non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI). Open cohort evaluation of outcomes for women in program sites across Zambia. HIV treatment was provided according to Zambian/World Health Organization guidelines. Peripartum NVP exposure status was known for 6740 women initiating NNRTI-containing ART of whom 751 (11%) reported prior use of NVP for PMTCT. There was no significant difference in mean CD4 cell change between those exposed or unexposed to NVP at 6 (+202 versus +182 cells/ml; P=0.20) or 12 (+201 versus +211 cells/ml; P=0.60) months. Multivariable analyses showed no significant differences in mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8-1.8] or clinical treatment failure (adjusted HR 1.1; 95% CI 0.8-1.5). Comparison of recent NVP exposure with remote exposure suggested a less favorable CD4 cell response at 6 (+150 versus +219 cells/ml; P=0.06) and 12 (+149 versus +215 cells/ml; P=0.39) months. Women with recent NVP exposure also had a trend towards elevated risk for clinical treatment failure (adjusted HR 1.6; 95% CI 0.9-2.7). Exposure to maternal single-dose NVP was not associated with substantially different short-term treatment outcomes. However evidence was suggestive that exposure within 6 months of ART initiation may be a risk factor for poor treatment outcomes highlighting the importance of ART screening and initiation early in pregnancy. (authors)read more
Citations
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Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents: recommendations for a public health approach. 2006 revision.
TL;DR: These guidelines are primarily intended for use by national and regional HIV programme managers managers of nongovernmental organizations delivering HIV care services and other policy-makers who are involved in the scaling up of comprehensive HIV care and ART in resource-limited countries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Response to Antiretroviral Therapy After a Single, Peripartum Dose of Nevirapine
Shahin Lockman,Roger L. Shapiro,Laura M. Smeaton,Carolyn Wester,Ibou Thior,Lisa Stevens,Fatima Chand,Joseph Makhema,Claire Moffat,Aida Asmelash,Patrick Ndase,Peter Arimim Eri Van Widenfelt,Loeto Mazhani,Vladimir Novitsky,Stephen W. Lagakos,Max Essex +15 more
TL;DR: Women who received a single dose of nevirapine to prevent perinatal transmission of HIV-1 had higher rates of virologic failure with subsequent ne virapine-based antiretroviral therapy than did women without previous exposure to nevirAPine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antiretroviral Treatment for Children with Peripartum Nevirapine Exposure
Paul Palumbo,Jane C. Lindsey,Michael Hughes,Mark F. Cotton,Raziya Bobat,Tammy Meyers,Mutsawashe Bwakura-Dangarembizi,Benjamin H. Chi,Philippa Musoke,Portia Kamthunzi,Werner Schimana,Lynette Purdue,Susan H. Eshleman,Susan H. Eshleman,Elaine J. Abrams,Linda Millar,Elizabeth Petzold,Lynne M. Mofenson,Patrick Jean-Philippe,Avy Violari +19 more
TL;DR: Among children with prior exposure to single-dose nevirapine for perinatal prevention of HIV transmission, antiretroviral treatment consisting of zidovudine and lamivudine plus ritonavir-boosted lopinavir resulted in better outcomes than did treatment with zidvudineand lamivUDine plus ne virapine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antiretroviral Therapies in Women after Single-Dose Nevirapine Exposure
Shahin Lockman,Michael Hughes,James McIntyre,Yu Zheng,Tsungai Chipato,Francesca Conradie,Fred Sawe,Aida Asmelash,Mina C. Hosseinipour,Lerato Mohapi,Elizabeth M. Stringer,Rosie Mngqibisa,Abraham Siika,Diana Atwine,James Hakim,Douglas Shaffer,Cecilia Kanyama,Kara Wools-Kaloustian,Robert A. Salata,Evelyn Hogg,Beverly Alston-Smith,Ann Walawander,Eva Purcelle-Smith,Susan H. Eshleman,James F. Rooney,Sibtain Rahim,John W. Mellors,Robert T. Schooley,Judith S. Currier +28 more
TL;DR: In women with prior exposure to peripartum single-dose nevirapine (but not in those without prior exposure), ritonavir-boosted lopinavir plus tenofovir–emtricitabine was superior to ne virapine plus ten ofovir-emticitabines for initial antiretroviral therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention in Neglected Subpopulations: Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Infection
TL;DR: The research on prevention of MTCT of HIV infection in resource-limited countries and the challenges to expansion of the benefits of preventive interventions for MTCT throughout the world are reviewed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: HIVNET 012 randomised trial
Laura Guay,Philippa Musoke,Thomas Fleming,Danstan Bagenda,Melissa Allen,Clemensia Nakabiito,Joseph Sherman,Paul M Bakaki,Constance Ducar,Martina Deseyve,Lynda Emel,Mark Mirochnick,Mary Glenn Fowler,Lynne M. Mofenson,Paolo G. Miotti,Kevin Dransfield,Dorothy Bray,Francis Mmiro,J. Brooks Jackson +18 more
TL;DR: Nevirapine lowered the risk of HIV-1 transmission during the first 14-16 weeks of life by nearly 50% in a breastfeeding population, suggesting this simple and inexpensive regimen could decrease mother-to-child HIV- 1 transmission in less-developed countries.
Book
Survival analysis using sas®: a practical guide
TL;DR: Biomedical and social science researchers who want to analyze survival data with SAS will find just what they need with this easy-to-read and comprehensive guide.
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Rapid scale-up of antiretroviral therapy at primary care sites in Zambia: Feasibility and early outcomes
Jeffrey S. A. Stringer,Isaac Zulu,Jens W. Levy,Jens W. Levy,Elizabeth M. Stringer,Elizabeth M. Stringer,Albert Mwango,Benjamin H. Chi,Benjamin H. Chi,Vilepe Mtonga,Stewart E Reid,Stewart E Reid,Ronald A. Cantrell,Ronald A. Cantrell,Marc Bulterys,Michael S. Saag,Richard Marlink,Alwyn Mwinga,Tedd V. Ellerbrock,Moses Sinkala +19 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report on the feasibility and early outcomes of the program, which scaled-up human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunoviciency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) care and treatment services at primary care clinics in Lusaka using predominately nonphysician clinicians.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: 18-month follow-up of the HIVNET 012 randomised trial
J. Brooks Jackson,Philippa Musoke,Thomas Fleming,Thomas Fleming,Laura Guay,Danstan Bagenda,Melissa Allen,Clemensia Nakabiito,Joseph Sherman,Paul M Bakaki,Maxensia Owor,Constance Ducar,Martina Deseyve,Anthony Mwatha,Lynda Emel,Corey Duefield,Mark Mirochnick,Mary Glenn Fowler,Lynne M. Mofenson,Paolo G. Miotti,Maria Gigliotti,Dorothy Bray,Francis Mmiro +22 more
TL;DR: Intrapartum/ne ononatal nevirapine significantly lowered HIV-1 transmission risk in a breastfeeding population in Uganda compared with a short intrapartu/neonatal zidovudine regimen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selection and fading of resistance mutations in women and infants receiving nevirapine to prevent HIV-1 vertical transmission (HIVNET 012).
Susan H. Eshleman,Martin Mracna,Laura Guay,Martina Deseyve,Shawn Cunningham,Mark Mirochnick,Philippa Musoke,Thomas Fleming,Mary Glenn Fowler,Lynne M. Mofenson,Francis Mmiro,J. Brooks Jackson +11 more
TL;DR: NVPR was detected more frequently in infants than women following NVP prophylaxis, and different patterns of NVPR mutations were detected in women versus infants, and NVP-resistant HIV-1 faded from detection in women and infants over time.
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Response to Antiretroviral Therapy after a Single, Peripartum Dose of Nevirapine
Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: HIVNET 012 randomised trial
Laura Guay,Philippa Musoke,Thomas Fleming,Danstan Bagenda,Melissa Allen,Clemensia Nakabiito,Joseph Sherman,Paul M Bakaki,Constance Ducar,Martina Deseyve,Lynda Emel,Mark Mirochnick,Mary Glenn Fowler,Lynne M. Mofenson,Paolo G. Miotti,Kevin Dransfield,Dorothy Bray,Francis Mmiro,J. Brooks Jackson +18 more