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Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents: recommendations for a public health approach. 2006 revision.
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TLDR
These guidelines are primarily intended for use by national and regional HIV programme managers managers of nongovernmental organizations delivering HIV care services and other policy-makers who are involved in the scaling up of comprehensive HIV care and ART in resource-limited countries.Abstract:
This publication is intended to serve as a reference tool for countries with limited resources as they develop or revise national guidelines for the use of ART in adults and postpubertal adolescents (see Annex 9 for pubertal Tanner staging; prepubertal adolescents should follow the WHO paediatric guidelines). The material presented takes updated evidence into account including new ART treatment options and draws on the experience of established ART scale-up programmes. The simplified approach with evidence-based standards continues to be the basis of WHO recommendations for the initiation and monitoring of ART. The guidelines are primarily intended for use by national and regional HIV programme managers managers of nongovernmental organizations delivering HIV care services and other policy-makers who are involved in the scaling up of comprehensive HIV care and ART in resource-limited countries. The comprehensive up-to-date technical and clinical information on the use of ART however also makes these guidelines useful for clinicians in resource-limited settings. The recommendations contained in these guidelines are made on the basis of different levels of evidence from randomized clinical trials high-quality scientific studies observational cohort data and where insufficient evidence is available expert opinion. The strengths of the recommendations in Table 1 are intended to indicate the degrees to which the recommendations should be considered by regional and country programmes. Cost-effectiveness is not explicitly considered as part of the recommendations although the realities of human resources health system infrastructures and socioeconomic issues should be taken into account when the recommendations are being adapted to regional and country programmes. (excerpt)read more
Citations
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WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis: 2011 update
Dennis Falzon,Ernesto Jaramillo,Holger J. Schünemann,Matthew Arentz,Melissa Bauer,Jaime Bayona,Léopold Blanc,Jose A. Caminero,Charles L. Daley,Chris Duncombe,Christopher Fitzpatrick,Agnes Gebhard,Haileyesus Getahun,Myriam Henkens,Timothy H. Holtz,J. Keravec,S. Keshavjee,Aamir J. Khan,R. Kulier,Vaira Leimane,Christian Lienhardt,Chunling Lu,Mar'iandyshev Ao,Giovanni Battista Migliori,Fuad Mirzayev,Carole D. Mitnick,Paul Nunn,G. Nwagboniwe,Olivia Oxlade,Domingo Palmero,Patricia B Pavlinac,M. I. D. Quelapio,Mario C. Raviglione,Michael Rich,S. Royce,Sabine Rüsch-Gerdes,A. Salakaia,R. Sarin,Delphine Sculier,Francis Varaine,Marco Vitoria,Judd L. Walson,Fraser Wares,Karin Weyer,Richard A. White,Matteo Zignol +45 more
TL;DR: The guidelines promote the early use of antiretroviral agents for TB patients with HIV on second-line drug regimens and systems that primarily employ ambulatory models of care are recommended over others based mainly on hospitalisation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guidelines for improving entry into and retention in care and antiretroviral adherence for persons with HIV: evidence-based recommendations from an International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care panel.
Melanie A. Thompson,Michael J. Mugavero,K. Rivet Amico,Victoria A. Cargill,Larry W. Chang,Robert E. Gross,Catherine Orrell,Frederick L. Altice,David R. Bangsberg,John G. Bartlett,Curt G. Beckwith,Nadia Dowshen,Christopher M. Gordon,Tim Horn,Princy Kumar,James D. Scott,Michael J. Stirratt,Robert H. Remien,Jane M. Simoni,Jean B. Nachega +19 more
TL;DR: Recommendations cover ART strategies, adherence tools, education and counseling, and health system and service delivery interventions that cover specific issues pertaining to pregnant women, incarcerated individuals, homeless and marginally housed individuals, and children and adolescents, as well as substance use and mental health disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Earlier versus Later Start of Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Adults with Tuberculosis
François-Xavier Blanc,Thim Sok,Didier Laureillard,Laurence Borand,Claire Rekacewicz,Eric Nerrienet,Yoann Madec,Olivier Marcy,Sarin Chan,Narom Prak,Chindamony Kim,Khemarin Kim Lak,Chanroeurn Hak,Bunnet Dim,Chhun Im Sin,Sath Sun,Bertrand Guillard,Borann Sar,Sirenda Vong,Marcelo Fernandez,Larry A. Fox,Jean-François Delfraissy,Anne E. Goldfeld +22 more
TL;DR: Starting antiretroviral therapy 2 weeks after the start of tuberculosis treatment significantly improved survival among HIV-infected adults with CD4+ T-cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or lower.
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Once-daily atazanavir/ritonavir versus twice-daily lopinavir/ritonavir, each in combination with tenofovir and emtricitabine, for management of antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients: 48 week efficacy and safety results of the CASTLE study
Jean-Michel Molina,Jaime Andrade-Villanueva,Juan Echevarria,Ploenchan Chetchotisakd,Jorge Corral,Neal David,Graeme Moyle,Marco Mancini,Lisa Percival,Rong Yang,Alexandra Thiry,Donnie McGrath +11 more
TL;DR: In treatment-naive patients, atazanavir/ritonavir once-daily demonstrated similar antiviral efficacy to lopinavIR/rit onavir twice-daily, with less gastrointestinal toxicity but with a higher rate of hyperbilirubinaemia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antiretroviral therapy and management of HIV infection
TL;DR: Long-term treated patients who are on an otherwise effective regimen often show persistent immune dysfunction and have higher than expected risk for various non-AIDS-related complications, including heart, bone, liver, kidney, and neurocognitive diseases.
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TL;DR: Individuals coinfected with HIV-1 and HBV, especially those with low CD4+ nadir counts, are at increased risk for liver-related mortality, underscoring the importance of prevention, identification, and comprehensive management of hepatitis B in people infected withAIDS.
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