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Electrochemical DNA sensors

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TLDR
Electrochemistry-based sensors offer sensitivity, selectivity and low cost for the detection of selected DNA sequences or mutated genes associated with human disease.
Abstract
Electrochemistry-based sensors offer sensitivity, selectivity and low cost for the detection of selected DNA sequences or mutated genes associated with human disease. DNA-based electrochemical sensors exploit a range of different chemistries, but all take advantage of nanoscale interactions between the target in solution, the recognition layer and a solid electrode surface. Numerous approaches to electrochemical detection have been developed, including direct electrochemistry of DNA, electrochemistry at polymer-modified electrodes, electrochemistry of DNA-specific redox reporters, electrochemical amplifications with nanoparticles, and electrochemical devices based on DNA-mediated charge transport chemistry.

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Nanostructures in Biodiagnostics

TL;DR: Nathaniel L. Rosi focuses on the rational assembly of DNA-modified nanostructures into larger-scale materials and their roles in biodiagnostic screening for nucleic acids.
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Gold nanoparticles in chemical and biological sensing.

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Graphene Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: A Review

TL;DR: Graphene has received increasing attention due to its unique physicochemical properties (high surface area, excellent conductivity, high mechanical strength, and ease of functionalization and mass production).
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Integrated Nanoparticle–Biomolecule Hybrid Systems: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

TL;DR: This review describes recent advances in the synthesis of biomolecule-nanoparticle/nanorod hybrid systems and the application of such assemblies in the generation of 2D and 3D ordered structures in solutions and on surfaces.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Scanometric DNA Array Detection with Nanoparticle Probes

TL;DR: When coupled with a signal amplification method based on nanoparticle-promoted reduction of silver(I), the sensitivity of this scanometric array detection system exceeds that of the analogous fluorophore system by two orders of magnitude.
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One-Pot Colorimetric Differentiation of Polynucleotides with Single Base Imperfections Using Gold Nanoparticle Probes

TL;DR: In this new nanoparticle-based detection system, Au particles are used to complex a 24-base polynucleotide target and exhibit characteristic, exceptionally sharp “melting transitions” which allows one to distinguish target sequences that contain one base end mismatches, deletions, or an insertion from the fully complementary target.
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Translating biomolecular recognition into nanomechanics.

TL;DR: The specific transduction, via surface stress changes, of DNA hybridization and receptor-ligand binding into a direct nanomechanical response of microfabricated cantilevers is reported, demonstrating the wide-ranging applicability of nanomechamical transduction to detect biomolecular recognition.
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A Group-IV Ferromagnetic Semiconductor: MnxGe1−x

TL;DR: Calculated spin interactions and percolation theory predict transition temperatures larger than measured, consistent with the observed suppression of magnetically active Mn atoms and hole concentration.
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Array-based electrical detection of DNA with nanoparticle probes

TL;DR: Using this method, target DNA is detected at concentrations as low as 500 femtomolar with a point mutation selectivity factor of ∼ 100,000:1 and an unusual salt concentration–dependent hybridization behavior associated with these nanoparticle probes was exploited to achieve selectivity without a thermal-stringency wash.
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