Eukaryotic Viruses in Wastewater Samples from the United States
TLDR
A baseline understanding of viruses in raw sewage will enable educated decisions to be made regarding the use of different viruses in water quality assessments, and uncovered previously unknown sequence diversity in human picobirnaviruses.Abstract:
Human fecal matter contains a large number of viruses, and current bacterial indicators used for monitoring water quality do not correlate with the presence of pathogenic viruses. Adenoviruses and enteroviruses have often been used to identify fecal pollution in the environment; however, other viruses shed in fecal matter may more accurately detect fecal pollution. The purpose of this study was to develop a baseline understanding of the types of viruses found in raw sewage. PCR was used to detect adenoviruses, enteroviruses, hepatitis B viruses, herpesviruses, morbilliviruses, noroviruses, papillomaviruses, picobirnaviruses, reoviruses, and rotaviruses in raw sewage collected throughout the United States. Adenoviruses and picobirnaviruses were detected in 100% of raw sewage samples and 25% and 33% of final effluent samples, respectively. Enteroviruses and noroviruses were detected in 75% and 58% of raw sewage samples, respectively, and both viral groups were found in 8% of final effluent samples. This study showed that adenoviruses, enteroviruses, noroviruses, and picobirnaviruses are widespread in raw sewage. Since adenoviruses and picobirnaviruses were detected in 100% of raw sewage samples, they are potential markers of fecal contamination. Additionally, this research uncovered previously unknown sequence diversity in human picobirnaviruses. This baseline understanding of viruses in raw sewage will enable educated decisions to be made regarding the use of different viruses in water quality assessments.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of novel RNA viruses from free-living gorillas, Republic of the Congo: genetic diversity of picobirnaviruses
Raja Duraisamy,Jean Akiana,Bernard Davoust,Oleg Mediannikov,Caroline Michelle,Catherine Robert,Henri-Joseph Parra,Didier Raoult,Philippe Biagini,Christelle Desnues +9 more
TL;DR: The identification of novel RNA viruses and their genetic diversity increases knowledge about viruses that are associated with stools of wild gorillas and contributes to the initiatives in the search for potential emerging zoonotic viruses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nomenclature proposal for picobirnavirus
TL;DR: This work proposes a clear and unique name for each strain ofPicobirnaviruses, which have been identified in the feces of a broad range of hosts by several international research groups.
Journal ArticleDOI
High Diversity of Genogroup I Picobirnaviruses in Mammals.
Patrick C. Y. Woo,Jade L. L. Teng,Ru Bai,Annette Y. P. Wong,Paolo Martelli,Suk-Wai Hui,Alan K.L. Tsang,Candy C. Y. Lau,Syed Shakeel Ahmed,Cyril C. Y. Yip,Garnet K. Y. Choi,Kenneth S. M. Li,Carol S. F. Lam,Susanna K. P. Lau,Kwok-Yung Yuen +14 more
TL;DR: Phylogenetic analysis showed that the PBV sequences from each kind of animal were widely distributed in the whole tree with high diversity, sharing 47.4–89.0% nucleotide identities with other genogroup I PBV strains based on the partial RdRp gene.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simian Genogroup I Picobirnaviruses: Prevalence, Genetic Diversity, and Zoonotic Potential
TL;DR: The detection of genogroup I PBVs in 48% of the fecal specimens by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) and amplicon sequencing using primers specific for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDRP) gene is reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel Picobirnaviruses in Respiratory and Alimentary Tracts of Cattle and Monkeys with Large Intra- and Inter-Host Diversity.
Patrick C. Y. Woo,Jade L. L. Teng,Ru Bai,Ying Tang,Annette Y. P. Wong,Kenneth S. M. Li,Carol S. F. Lam,Rachel Y.Y. Fan,Susanna K. P. Lau,Kwok-Yung Yuen +9 more
TL;DR: In this study, among 576 respiratory specimens from 476 mammals and 100 chickens, genogroup I PBVs were detected in three cattle and three monkeys, and a genogroups II PBV-positive sample was collected from one cattle specimen.
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