Evolution and regulation of the Lotus japonicus LysM receptor gene family.
Gitte Vestergaard Lohmann,Yoshikazu Shimoda,Mette W. Nielsen,Frank G. Jørgensen,Christina Grossmann,Niels Sandal,Kirsten Kørup Sørensen,Søren Thirup,Lene H. Madsen,Satoshi Tabata,Shusei Sato,Jens Stougaard,Simona Radutoiu +12 more
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TLDR
In a detailed expression analysis, several Lotus Lys genes regulated not only during the symbiotic association with Mesorhizobium loti but also in response to chitin treatment, revealing a correlation between Lys gene structure and phylogeny.Abstract:
LysM receptor kinases were identified as receptors of acylated chitin (Nod factors) or chitin produced by plant-interacting microbes. Here, we present the identification and characterization of the LysM receptor kinase gene (Lys) family (17 members) in Lotus japonicus. Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis revealed a correlation between Lys gene structure and phylogeny. Further mapping coupled with sequence-based anchoring on the genome showed that the family has probably expanded by a combination of tandem and segmental duplication events. Using a sliding-window approach, we identified distinct regions in the LysM and kinase domains of recently diverged Lys genes where positive selection may have shaped ligand interaction. Interestingly, in the case of NFR5 and its closest paralog, LYS11, one of these regions coincides with the predicted Nod-factor binding groove and the suggested specificity determining area of the second LysM domain. One hypothesis for the evolutionary diversification of this receptor family in legumes is their unique capacity to decipher various structures of chitin-derived molecules produced by an extended spectrum of interacting organisms: symbiotic, associative, endophytic, and parasitic. In a detailed expression analysis, we found several Lotus Lys genes regulated not only during the symbiotic association with Mesorhizobium loti but also in response to chitin treatment.read more
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Speak, friend, and enter: signalling systems that promote beneficial symbiotic associations in plants.
TL;DR: This Review describes the common signalling processes used by plants during mutualistic interactions with microorganisms as diverse as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobial bacteria.
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TL;DR: This review summarizes the current knowledge on the functions of flavonoids in the physiology of plants and their relations with the environment.
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The molecular network governing nodule organogenesis and infection in the model legume Lotus japonicus
Lene H. Madsen,Leila Tirichine,Leila Tirichine,Anna Jurkiewicz,John T. Sullivan,Anne B. Heckmann,Anita S. Bek,Clive W. Ronson,Euan K. James,Jens Stougaard +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown that host-encoded mechanisms control three alternative entry processes operating in the epidermis, the root cortex and at the single cell level, which provides support for the origin of rhizobial infection through direct intercellular epidermal invasion and subsequent evolution of crack entry and root hair invasions observed in most extant legumes.
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Receptor-mediated exopolysaccharide perception controls bacterial infection
Yasuyuki Kawaharada,Simon Kelly,M. Wibroe Nielsen,Christian T. Hjuler,Kira Gysel,Artur Muszyński,Russell W. Carlson,Mikkel B. Thygesen,Niels Sandal,M. H. Asmussen,Maria Vinther,Stig U. Andersen,Lene Krusell,Søren Thirup,Knud J. Jensen,Clive W. Ronson,Mickaël Blaise,Simona Radutoiu,Jens Stougaard +18 more
TL;DR: It is shown that Epr3 expression is inducible and dependent on host perception of bacterial nodulation (Nod) factors, and that plant–bacterial compatibility and bacterial access to legume roots is regulated by a two-stage mechanism involving sequential receptor-mediated recognition of Nod factor and EPS signals.
Journal ArticleDOI
LysM-Type Mycorrhizal Receptor Recruited for Rhizobium Symbiosis in Nonlegume Parasponia
Rik Op den Camp,Arend Streng,Stéphane De Mita,Qingqin Cao,Elisa Polone,Elisa Polone,Wei Liu,Wei Liu,Jetty S.S. Ammiraju,Dave Kudrna,Rod A. Wing,Andreas Untergasser,Ton Bisseling,Ton Bisseling,René Geurts +14 more
TL;DR: It is shown that in Parasponia a single Nod factor–like receptor is indispensable for both symbiotic interactions, and concluded that the Nod factors perception mechanism also is recruited from the widespread endomycorrhizal symbiosis.
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