Journal ArticleDOI
Gastrointestinal toxicity of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.
TLDR
One hundred years have passed since Felix Hoffman reported the successful synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid as the first nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) and numerous reports have corroborated this observation.Abstract:
One hundred years have passed since Felix Hoffman, working at Bayer Industries, reported the successful synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid as the first nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID).1,2 At the suggestion of Hermann Dreser, Bayer's chief pharmacologist at the time,3 the compound was called “aspirin” and was purported to represent a convenient mechanism for the delivery of salicylic acid in the treatment of rheumatic diseases, menstrual pain, and fever.2 Approximately 40 years elapsed before Douthwaite and Lintott4 provided endoscopic evidence that aspirin could cause gastric mucosal damage. Numerous reports have corroborated this observation,5–8 and the introduction of more potent agents . . .read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of Upper Gastrointestinal Toxicity of Rofecoxib and Naproxen in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Claire Bombardier,Loren Laine,Alise S. Reicin,Deborah R. Shapiro,Ruben Burgos-Vargas,Barry R. Davis,Richard O. Day,Marcos Bosi Ferraz,Christopher J. Hawkey,Marc C. Hochberg,Tore K Kvien,Thomas J. Schnitzer +11 more
TL;DR: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, treatment with rofecoxib, a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2, is associated with significantly fewer clinically important upper gastrointestinal events than treatment with naproxen, a nonselective inhibitor.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Effect of Celecoxib, a Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor, in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Gideon Steinbach,Patrick M. Lynch,R. K. S. Phillips,Marina Wallace,Ernest T. Hawk,Gary Gordon,Naoki Wakabayashi,Brian D. Saunders,Yu Shen,Takashi Fujimura,Li Kuo Su,Bernard Levin,Louis Godio,Sherri Patterson,Miguel A. Rodriguez-Bigas,Susan L. Jester,Karen L. King,Marta Schumacher,James L. Abbruzzese,Raymond N. DuBois,Walter N. Hittelman,Stuart O. Zimmerman,Jeffrey W. Sherman,Gary J. Kelloff +23 more
TL;DR: In patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, six months of twice-daily treatment with 400 mg of celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, leads to a significant reduction in the number of colorectal polyps.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative Stress: An Essential Factor in the Pathogenesis of Gastrointestinal Mucosal Diseases
Asima Bhattacharyya,Asima Bhattacharyya,Asima Bhattacharyya,Ranajoy Chattopadhyay,Ranajoy Chattopadhyay,Ranajoy Chattopadhyay,Sankar Mitra,Sheila E. Crowe,Sheila E. Crowe,Sheila E. Crowe +9 more
TL;DR: Unraveling the signaling events initiated at the cellular level by oxidative free radicals as well as the physiological responses to such stress is important to better understand disease pathogenesis and to develop new therapies to manage a variety of conditions for which current therapies are not always sufficient.
Guidelines for the management of rheumatoid arthritis: 2002 Update
TL;DR: The guideline reviewed in this month’s column describes the recommended care of patients who have been previously diagnosed with RA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Peptic ulcer disease
TL;DR: This work focuses on this revolution of understanding and management of peptic ulcer disease over the past 25 years, largely because of the increasingly widespread use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and low-dose aspirin.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Up-regulation of cyclooxygenase 2 gene expression in human colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas
Charles E. Eberhart,Robert J. Coffey,Aramandla Radhika,Francis M. Giardiello,Suzanne Ferrenbach,Raymond N. DuBois +5 more
TL;DR: COX-2, but not COX-1, gene expression is markedly elevated in most human colorectal cancers compared with accompanying normal mucosa, and COx-2 expression seems to be increased in a subset of adenomas.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human cyclooxygenase-2 cDNA.
Timothy Hla,Karen M. Neilson +1 more
TL;DR: High-level induction of the hCox-2 transcript in mesenchymal-derived inflammatory cells suggests a role in inflammatory conditions and demonstrates that the Cox enzyme is encoded by at least two genes that are expressed and differentially regulated in a variety of cell types.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nitric oxide activates cyclooxygenase enzymes
Daniela Salvemini,Thomas P. Misko,Jaime L. Masferrer,Karen Seibert,Mark G. Currie,Philip Needleman +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that NO enhances COX activity through a mechanism independent of cGMP and suggested that, in conditions in which both the NOS and COX systems are present, there is an NO-mediated increase in the production of proinflammatory prostaglandins that may result in an exacerbated inflammatory response.
Journal ArticleDOI
Systemic biosynthesis of prostacyclin by cyclooxygenase (COX)-2: the human pharmacology of a selective inhibitor of COX-2.
B. F. McAdam,Francesca Catella-Lawson,I. A. Mardini,Shiv Kapoor,John A. Lawson,Garret A. FitzGerald +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of celecoxib on indices of COX-1-dependent platelet thromboxane (Tx) A2 and on systemic biosynthesis of prostacyclin in vivo were examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differential inhibition of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (cyclooxygenase) isozymes by aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
TL;DR: Results demonstrate that the two PGH synthases are pharmacologically distinct and indicate that it may be possible to develop isozyme-specific cyclooxygenase inhibitors useful both for anti-inflammatory therapy and for delineating between the biological roles of the P GH synthase isozymes.