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Geminiviruses: masters at redirecting and reprogramming plant processes

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TLDR
This Review describes the current knowledge of how geminiviruses interact with their plant hosts and the functional consequences of these interactions.
Abstract
The family Geminiviridae is one of the largest and most important families of plant viruses. The small, single-stranded DNA genomes of geminiviruses encode 5-7 proteins that redirect host machineries and processes to establish a productive infection. These interactions reprogramme plant cell cycle and transcriptional controls, inhibit cell death pathways, interfere with cell signalling and protein turnover, and suppress defence pathways. This Review describes our current knowledge of how geminiviruses interact with their plant hosts and the functional consequences of these interactions.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Geminiviridae.

TL;DR: The geminiviruses are a family of small, non-enveloped viruses with single-stranded, circular DNA genomes of 2500–5200 bases causing economically important diseases in most tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
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Origins and evolution of viruses of eukaryotes: The ultimate modularity

TL;DR: Strikingly, evolution of all classes of eukaryotic viruses appears to have involved fusion between structural and replicative gene modules derived from different sources along with additional acquisitions of diverse genes.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Enhancement of Plant Disease Resistance Using CRISPR/Cas9 Technology.

TL;DR: Recently, CRISPR/Cas9 has largely overtaken the other genome editing technologies due to the fact that it is easier to design and implement, has a higher success rate, and is more versatile and less expensive.
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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated viral interference in plants

TL;DR: In this paper, the CRISPR/Cas9 system was used in plants to confer molecular immunity against DNA viruses, including the tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV).
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Conferring resistance to geminiviruses with the CRISPR-Cas prokaryotic immune system.

TL;DR: Transgenic plants expressing CRISPR–Cas reagents and challenged with BeYDV had reduced virus load and symptoms, thereby demonstrating a novel strategy for engineering resistance to geminiviruses.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Structure of the Maize streak virus geminate particle.

TL;DR: The first structure of a geminivirus particle is determined, the Nigerian strain of Maize streak virus (MSV-N), using cryo-electron microscopy and three-dimensional image reconstruction methods and the reconstructed density map and pseudo-atomic model demonstrate that the geminate particle has a stable, defined structure.
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Cotton leaf curl disease - an emerging threat to cotton production worldwide.

TL;DR: Recent advances made in understanding the molecular biology of the components of the disease complex, their interactions with host plants, as well as efforts being made to control CLCuD are outlined.
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Geminiviruses Subvert Ubiquitination by Altering CSN-Mediated Derubylation of SCF E3 Ligase Complexes and Inhibit Jasmonate Signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana

TL;DR: A novel strategy used by plant DNA viruses (Geminiviruses) to redirect ubiquitination by interfering with the activity of the CSN (COP9 signalosome) complex is described.
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Cooperation in Viral Movement: The Geminivirus BL1 Movement Protein Interacts with BR1 and Redirects It from the Nucleus to the Cell Periphery.

TL;DR: It is shown that when individually expressed, BL1 is localized to the periphery and BR1 to nuclei in both cell systems, however, when coexpressed in either cell type,BL1 relocalized BR1 from the nucleus to the cell periphery, demonstrating thatBL1 is responsible for providing directionality to movement of the viral genome.
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A NAC domain protein interacts with tomato leaf curl virus replication accessory protein and enhances viral replication.

TL;DR: Evidence implicating SlNAC1, a new member of the NAC domain protein family from tomato, in Tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) REn function is presented, suggesting that in healthy cells it functions as a transcription factor.
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