Journal ArticleDOI
Genetics and Evolution of Phenotypic Plasticity
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Phenotypic plasticity is the change in the expressed phenotype of a genotype as a function of the environment, and is likely due both to differences in allelic expression across environments and to changes in interactions among loci.Abstract:
To achieve a coherent evolutionary theory, it is necessary to account for the effects of the environment on the process of development. Phenotypic plasticity is the change in the expressed phenotype of a genotype as a function of the environment. Various measures of plasticity exist, many of which can be united within the framework of a polynomial function. This function is the norm of reaction. For the special case of a linear reaction norm, genetic variation can be partitioned into portions that are independent and dependent on the environment. From this partition two heritability measures are derived which can be used, alternatively, to compare populations or make predictions about the response to selection. Genetically, plasticity is likely due both to differences in allelic expression across environments and to changes in interactions among loci; plasticity is not a function of heterozygosity. Plasticity responds to both artificial and natural selection. The evolution of plasticity is modeled in thre...read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Phenotypic plasticity facilitates initial colonization of a novel environment.
TL;DR: It was found that most families responded in the adaptive direction of increased ADH activity in higher alcohol environments and families with higher plasticity were also more likely to survive in the highest alcohol environment, and plasticity of ADh activity was positively selected in the most extreme environment and was a key trait influencing fitness.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogenetic relationships of four endemic genera of the Phasianidae in China based on mitochondrial DNA control-region genes
Zuhao Huang,Naifa Liu,Yi’an Xiao,Yalin Cheng,Wenfeng Mei,Longying Wen,Lixun Zhang,Xiaoping Yu +7 more
TL;DR: Calibrated rates of molecular evolution suggested that the divergence time between the four genera and related taxa was 4.00-5.00 million years ago, corresponding to the Pliocene, considering their molecular phylogenetics, fossil and geographical distribution patterns.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phenotypic plasticity and similarity of DNA among genotypes of an annual plant
TL;DR: When measured directly, rather than inferred from pedigree analyses, the relationship between similarity in phenotype and similarity in DNA sequence was detectable at the level of members of a single population and strongly depended on the environmental context.
Journal ArticleDOI
Seasonal variations in leaf δ13C values: implications for different water-use strategies among species growing on continuous dolomite outcrops in subtropical China
TL;DR: Water-use strategies of different species growing on continuous dolomite outcrops in subtropical China that relied on different water sources were revealed and the differences between narrow endemic and widespread species were investigated, based on season variations in leaf δ13C values.
Book ChapterDOI
Levels and mechanisms of behavioural variability
Peter M. Kappeler,Cornelia Kraus +1 more
TL;DR: This chapter offers an overview of different hierarchical levels at which behavioural variability occurs, decompose behavioural variability further into variation within species, among individuals and within individuals over time and highlights some of the mechanisms responsible for generating and maintaining this variability.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The evolution of life histories
TL;DR: In this article, age and size at maturity at maturity number and size of offspring Reproductive lifespan and ageing are discussed. But the authors focus on the effects of age and stage structure on fertility.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution in Mendelian Populations.
TL;DR: Page 108, last line of text, for "P/P″" read "P′/ P″."
Journal ArticleDOI
The measurement of selection on correlated characters
Russell Lande,Stevan J. Arnold +1 more
TL;DR: Measures of directional and stabilizing selection on each of a set of phenotypically correlated characters are derived, retrospective, based on observed changes in the multivariate distribution of characters within a generation, not on the evolutionary response to selection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stability Parameters for Comparing Varieties
S. A. Eberhart,W. A. Russell +1 more
TL;DR: The model, Yij = μ1 + β1Ij + δij, defines stability parameters that may be used to describe the performance of a variety over a series of environments to see whether genetic differences could be detected.