Global imprint of climate change on marine life
Elvira S. Poloczanska,Christopher J. Brown,Christopher J. Brown,William J. Sydeman,Wolfgang Kiessling,Wolfgang Kiessling,David S. Schoeman,David S. Schoeman,Pippa J. Moore,Pippa J. Moore,Keith Brander,John F. Bruno,Lauren B. Buckley,Michael T. Burrows,Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte,Benjamin S. Halpern,Johnna Holding,Carrie V. Kappel,Mary I. O'Connor,John M. Pandolfi,Camille Parmesan,Camille Parmesan,Franklin B. Schwing,Sarah Ann Thompson,Anthony J. Richardson,Anthony J. Richardson +26 more
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This article synthesized all available studies of the consistency of marine ecological observations with expectations under climate change This yielded a meta-database of 1,735 marine biological responses for which either regional or global climate change was considered as a driver.Abstract:
Research that combines all available studies of biological responses to regional and global climate change shows that 81–83% of all observations were consistent with the expected impacts of climate change These findings were replicated across taxa and oceanic basins Past meta-analyses of the response of marine organisms to climate change have examined a limited range of locations1,2, taxonomic groups2,3,4 and/or biological responses5,6 This has precluded a robust overview of the effect of climate change in the global ocean Here, we synthesized all available studies of the consistency of marine ecological observations with expectations under climate change This yielded a meta-database of 1,735 marine biological responses for which either regional or global climate change was considered as a driver Included were instances of marine taxa responding as expected, in a manner inconsistent with expectations, and taxa demonstrating no response From this database, 81–83% of all observations for distribution, phenology, community composition, abundance, demography and calcification across taxa and ocean basins were consistent with the expected impacts of climate change Of the species responding to climate change, rates of distribution shifts were, on average, consistent with those required to track ocean surface temperature changes Conversely, we did not find a relationship between regional shifts in spring phenology and the seasonality of temperature Rates of observed shifts in species’ distributions and phenology are comparable to, or greater, than those for terrestrial systemsread more
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Climate change threatens the world’s marine protected areas
John F. Bruno,Amanda E. Bates,Amanda E. Bates,Christopher William Cacciapaglia,Elizabeth P. Pike,Steven C. Amstrup,Ruben van Hooidonk,Ruben van Hooidonk,Stephanie A. Henson,Richard B. Aronson +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that, despite local protections, the warming associated with continued business-as-usual emissions (RCP8.5) will likely result in further habitat and species losses throughout low-latitude and tropical MPAs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid biotic homogenization of marine fish assemblages
TL;DR: An exceptionally comprehensive 29-year time series of North Atlantic groundfish assemblages monitored over 5° latitude to the west of Scotland shows steady change in species composition, leading to an increase in spatial homogenization: the species identity of colder northern localities increasingly resembles that of warmer southern localities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological and methodological drivers of species' distribution and phenology responses to climate change
Christopher J. Brown,Mary I. O'Connor,Elvira S. Poloczanska,Elvira S. Poloczanska,David S. Schoeman,Lauren B. Buckley,Michael T. Burrows,Carlos M. Duarte,Benjamin S. Halpern,Benjamin S. Halpern,John M. Pandolfi,Camille Parmesan,Camille Parmesan,Anthony J. Richardson,Anthony J. Richardson +14 more
TL;DR: Greater consideration of methodological attributes will improve the accuracy of analyses that seek to quantify the role of climate change in species' distribution and phenology changes, according to this and other global syntheses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Improved fisheries management could offset many negative effects of climate change
Steven D. Gaines,Christopher Costello,Brandon Owashi,Tracey Mangin,Jennifer Bone,Jorge García Molinos,Merrick Burden,Heather Dennis,Benjamin S. Halpern,Benjamin S. Halpern,Benjamin S. Halpern,Carrie V. Kappel,Kristin M. Kleisner,Daniel Ovando +13 more
TL;DR: How improvements in fishery management can offset the negative consequences of climate change is found to hinge on the current status of stocks, and reforming fisheries in ways that jointly fix current inefficiencies, adapt to fisheries productivity changes, and proactively create effective transboundary institutions could lead to a future with higher profits and yields.
Journal ArticleDOI
The mechanisms of phenology: the patterns and processes of phenological shifts
Helen E. Chmura,Helen E. Chmura,Heather M. Kharouba,Heather M. Kharouba,Jaime Ashander,Sean M. Ehlman,Emily B. Rivest,Emily B. Rivest,Louie H. Yang +8 more
TL;DR: A conceptual framework is presented that emphasizes a critical distinction between environmental (cue) and organismal (response-driven) mechanisms causing variation in phenological shifts and discusses how this distinction can reduce confusion in the field and improve predictions of future phenological change.
References
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TL;DR: A consistent temperature-related shift is revealed in species ranging from molluscs to mammals and from grasses to trees, suggesting that a significant impact of global warming is already discernible in animal and plant populations.
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