Journal ArticleDOI
Global shifts towards positive species interactions with increasing environmental stress
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A synthesis of 727 tests of the stress-gradient hypothesis in plant communities across the globe shows that plant interactions change with stress through an outright shift to facilitation (survival) or a reduction in competition (growth and reproduction).Abstract:
The study of positive species interactions is a rapidly evolving field in ecology. Despite decades of research, controversy has emerged as to whether positive and negative interactions predictably shift with increasing environmental stress as hypothesised by the stress-gradient hypothesis (SGH). Here, we provide a synthesis of 727 tests of the SGH in plant communities across the globe to examine its generality across a variety of ecological factors. Our results show that plant interactions change with stress through an outright shift to facilitation (survival) or a reduction in competition (growth and reproduction). In a limited number of cases, plant interactions do not respond to stress, but they never shift towards competition with stress. These findings are consistent across stress types, plant growth forms, life histories, origins (invasive vs. native), climates, ecosystems and methodologies, though the magnitude of the shifts towards facilitation with stress is dependent on these factors. We suggest that future studies should employ standardised definitions and protocols to test the SGH, take a multi-factorial approach that considers variables such as plant traits in addition to stress, and apply the SGH to better understand how species and communities will respond to environmental change.read more
Citations
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Indirect human impacts turn off reciprocal feedbacks and decrease ecosystem resilience.
TL;DR: Field surveys and experiments revealed that loss of Spartina leads to decreased biodiversity, and increased mortality and decreased growth of the ribbed mussel Geukensia demissa, a key facilitator of Spartine, showing that their loss limits recovery and the reciprocal feedbacks that drive community resilience.
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Rapid colonization of degraded mangrove habitat by succulent salt marsh
TL;DR: The recovery of the mangroves was measured by assessing changes in vegetation cover and sediment characteristics along transects and all mangrove present in the estuary were described in terms of height, diameter at breast height and phenology as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional Plant Types Drive Plant Interactions in a Mediterranean Mountain Range
TL;DR: The contrasting allocation strategies to reproduction and growth in Euphorbia plants, either associated or not with shrubs, showed high phenotypic plasticity and evidence its ability to cope with contrasting environmental conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Specific legumes allay drought effects on soil microbial food web activities of the focal species in agroecosystem
Feng Sun,Kaiwen Pan,Olusanya Abiodun Olatunji,Zilong Li,Wenkai Chen,Aiping Zhang,Dagang Song,Xiaoming Sun,Dan Huang,Xue Tan +9 more
TL;DR: Differences in resistance traits of neighbors had additive effects and rapidly reflected in different soil ecosystem processes and nutrient uptake of focal species, revealing that specific legume species intercropping management could stabilize focal species by maintaining soilcosystem processes under drought condition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extreme drought stress shifts net facilitation to neutral interactions between shrubs and sub‐canopy plants in an arid desert
TL;DR: In this article, Michalet et al. proposed a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY-4.0) under the terms of the GNU GPL.
References
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Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the metafor Package
TL;DR: The metafor package provides functions for conducting meta-analyses in R and includes functions for fitting the meta-analytic fixed- and random-effects models and allows for the inclusion of moderators variables (study-level covariates) in these models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification
TL;DR: In this paper, a new global map of climate using the Koppen-Geiger system based on a large global data set of long-term monthly precipitation and temperature station time series is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated
TL;DR: A new digital Koppen-Geiger world map on climate classification, valid for the second half of the 20 th century, based on recent data sets from the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia and the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre at the German Weather Service.
Book
Plant Strategies and Vegetation Processes
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present plant strategies in the established phase and the regenerative phase in the emerging phase, respectively, and discuss the relationship between the two phases: primary strategies and secondary strategies.
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