Gray Matter Volume as an Intermediate Phenotype for Psychosis: Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP)
Elena I. Ivleva,Anup S. Bidesi,Matcheri S. Keshavan,Godfrey D. Pearlson,Shashwath A. Meda,Darko Dodig,Amanda F. Moates,Hanzhang Lu,Alan N. Francis,Neeraj Tandon,David J. Schretlen,John A. Sweeney,Brett A. Clementz,Carol A. Tamminga +13 more
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TLDR
Findings indicate extensive neocortical gray matter reductions in psychosis probands and relatives with psychosis spectrum disorders, possibly reflecting lifetime psychosis burden, but normal gray matter in nonpsychotic relatives.Abstract:
ObjectiveThe study examined gray matter volume across psychosis diagnoses organized by dimensional and DSM-IV categories from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) sample.MethodIn total, 351 probands with psychosis (146 with schizophrenia, 90 with schizoaffective disorder, and 115 with psychotic bipolar I disorder), 369 of their first-degree relatives (134 were relatives of individuals with schizophrenia, 106 of individuals with schizoaffective disorder, and 129 of individuals with psychotic bipolar I disorder), and 200 healthy comparison subjects were assessed. Gray matter volumes from 3-T T1-weighted images were analyzed using the VBM8 toolbox for SPM8, and outcomes were determined at a false discovery rate-corrected threshold of p<0.005.ResultsAcross the psychosis dimension, probands (N=351) and relatives with psychosis spectrum disorders (N=34) showed substantial overlapping gray matter reductions throughout the neocortex, whereas relatives without psychosis spectrum (N...read more
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The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): A Dimensional Alternative to Traditional Nosologies
Roman Kotov,Robert F. Krueger,David Watson,Thomas M. Achenbach,Robert R. Althoff,R. Michael Bagby,Timothy A. Brown,William T. Carpenter,Avshalom Caspi,Lee Anna Clark,Nicholas R. Eaton,Miriam K. Forbes,Kelsie T. Forbush,David Goldberg,Deborah S. Hasin,Steven E. Hyman,Masha Y. Ivanova,Donald R. Lynam,Kristian E. Markon,Joshua D. Miller,Terrie E. Moffitt,Leslie C. Morey,Stephanie N. Mullins-Sweatt,Johan Ormel,Christopher J. Patrick,Darrel A. Regier,Leslie Rescorla,Camilo J. Ruggero,Douglas B. Samuel,Martin Sellbom,Leonard J. Simms,Andrew E. Skodol,Tim Slade,Susan C. South,Jennifer L. Tackett,Irwin D. Waldman,Monika A. Waszczuk,Thomas A. Widiger,Aidan G. C. Wright,Mark Zimmerman +39 more
TL;DR: The HiTOP promises to improve research and clinical practice by addressing the aforementioned shortcomings of traditional nosologies and provides an effective way to summarize and convey information on risk factors, etiology, pathophysiology, phenomenology, illness course, and treatment response.
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The NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Project: Precision Medicine for Psychiatry
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Identification of Distinct Psychosis Biotypes Using Brain-Based Biomarkers
Brett A. Clementz,John A. Sweeney,Jordan P. Hamm,Elena I. Ivleva,Lauren E. Ethridge,Godfrey D. Pearlson,Matcheri S. Keshavan,Carol A. Tamminga +7 more
TL;DR: These data illustrate how multiple pathways may lead to clinically similar psychosis manifestations, and they provide explanations for the marked heterogeneity observed across laboratories on the same biomarker variables when DSM diagnoses are used as the gold standard.
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A Critical Appraisal of Neuroimaging Studies of Bipolar Disorder: Toward a New Conceptualization of Underlying Neural Circuitry and a Road Map for Future Research
Mary L. Phillips,Holly A. Swartz +1 more
TL;DR: Findings from all major studies in bipolar disorder that used functional MRI, volumetric analysis, diffusion imaging, and resting-state techniques are examined, integrating findings to provide a better understanding of larger-scale neural circuitry abnormalities in bipolar Disorder.
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The slow death of the concept of schizophrenia and the painful birth of the psychosis spectrum
Sinan Guloksuz,J. van Os +1 more
TL;DR: It is tentatively concluded that with the advent of broad spectrum phenotypes covering autism and addiction in DSM5, the prospect for introducing a psychosis spectrum disorder – and modernizing psychiatry – appears to be within reach.
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