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Heme protects intestinal mucosal barrier in DSS-induced colitis through regulating macrophage polarization in both HO-1-dependent and HO-1-independent way

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TLDR
Results showed that the modification of colon tissue microenvironment with heme supplementation plays a protective role in DSS‐induced colitis mice through regulating the macrophage polarization in both HO‐1‐dependent and HO‐ 1‐independent way, indicating a new choice to therapeutically modulate the macophage function and prevent IBD.
Abstract
Hemoglobin-derived heme was reported to play protective roles in hemorrhagic diseases by modulating the macrophages toward recovery. Mucosal bleeding is one of the pathological features of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, whether heme provides anti-inflammatory profiles in macrophages, thus contributing to the intestinal mucosal barrier protection, is unclear. In the current study, we investigated the beneficial effects of heme on DSS-induced colitis mice and explored the underlying mechanisms. In vivo, systemic heme supplementation by hemin injection relieved intestinal inflammation and remedied intestinal mucosal barrier damage by correcting abnormal intestinal macrophage polarization. In vitro, we confirmed the reciprocally regulating effects of hemin on M1/M2 macrophage polarization in BMDM. Intriguingly, with knockdown of HO-1, the inhibiting effects of hemin on M1 polarization were maintained, while the promoting effects on M2 polarization were reversed. Further research proved that hemin repressed the inflammatory profiles in macrophages through inhibiting the translocation of NF-κB p65 by disrupting IRF5-NF-κB p65 complex formation in Spi-C-dependent way. In conclusion, these results showed that the modification of colon tissue microenvironment with heme supplementation plays a protective role in DSS-induced colitis mice through regulating the macrophage polarization in both HO-1-dependent and HO-1-independent way, indicating a new choice to therapeutically modulate the macrophage function and prevent IBD.

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Regulation of inflammation by the antioxidant haem oxygenase 1

TL;DR: In this paper, an overview of haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1) for immunologists, including its roles in iron metabolism and antioxidant defence, and the impact of HO-1 induction in specific immune cell populations.
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Gut microbiota-derived butyrate regulates gut mucus barrier repair by activating the macrophage/WNT/ERK signaling pathway

TL;DR: In this paper , butyrate-induced macrophages increased mucin production and the proportion of goblet cells in the colon crypt in a macrophage-dependent manner by using clodronate liposomes.
Journal ArticleDOI

Gut microbiota-derived butyrate regulates gut mucus barrier repair by activating the macrophage/WNT/ERK signaling pathway.

TL;DR: It is found that butyrate increased mucin production and the proportion of mucin-secreting goblet cells in the colon crypt in a macrophage-dependent manner by using clodronate liposomes, implying that the microbial metabolitebutyrate may serve as a candidate therapeutic target for UC.
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Excretory/Secretory Products From Trichinella spiralis Adult Worms Attenuated DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice by Driving PD-1-Mediated M2 Macrophage Polarization.

TL;DR: The protective effects of T. spiralis AES on DSS-induced colitis were found to associate with PD-1 upregulation and M2 macrophage polarization, which is a key mechanism of helminth-induced modulation of the host immune system.
Journal ArticleDOI

Macrophage immunometabolism in inflammatory bowel diseases: From pathogenesis to therapy.

TL;DR: In this article , metabolic alterations underlie intestinal macrophage phenotype and function during IBD, and how microenvironmental cues trigger their metabolic reprogramming processes, and also summarized potential therapeutic approaches for IBD by manipulating cellular metabolism of macrophages.
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IL-1β-converting enzyme (caspase-1) in intestinal inflammation

TL;DR: In conclusion, inhibition of ICE represents a novel anti-inflammatory strategy for intestinal inflammation and is effective during experimental colitis in mice.
Journal ArticleDOI

Mesenchymal stem cells reciprocally regulate the M1/M2 balance in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages

TL;DR: The results suggest that the preferential shift of the macrophage phenotype from M1 to M2 may be related to the immune-modulating characteristics of MSCs that contribute to cardiac repair.
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