Journal ArticleDOI
Historical Accumulation of Nonindigenous Forest Pests in the Continental United States
Juliann E. Aukema,Deborah G. McCullough,Betsy Von Holle,Andrew M. Liebhold,Kerry O. Britton,Susan J. Frankel +5 more
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A comprehensive species list to assess the accumulation rates of nonindigenous forest insects and pathogens established in the United States found sap feeders and foliage feeders dominated the comprehensive list, but phloem- and wood-boring insects and foliageFeeders were often more damaging than expected.Abstract:
Nonindigenous forest insects and pathogens affect a range of ecosystems, industries, and property owners in the United States. Evaluating temporal patterns in the accumulation of these nonindigenous forest pests can inform regulatory and policy decisions. We compiled a comprehensive species list to assess the accumulation rates of nonindigenous forest insects and pathogens established in the United States. More than 450 nonindigenous insects and at least 16 pathogens have colonized forest and urban trees since European settlement. Approximately 2.5 established nonindigenous forest insects per year were detected in the United States between 1860 and 2006. At least 14% of these insects and all 16 pathogens have caused notable damage to trees. Although sap feeders and foliage feeders dominated the comprehensive list, phloem- and wood-boring insects and foliage feeders were often more damaging than expected. Detections of insects that feed on phloem or wood have increased markedly in recent years.read more
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No saturation in the accumulation of alien species worldwide.
Hanno Seebens,Hanno Seebens,Tim M. Blackburn,Ellie E. Dyer,Ellie E. Dyer,Piero Genovesi,Philip E. Hulme,Jonathan M. Jeschke,Jonathan M. Jeschke,Shyama Pagad,Petr Pyšek,Petr Pyšek,Petr Pyšek,Marten Winter,Margarita Arianoutsou,Sven Bacher,Bernd Blasius,Giuseppe Brundu,César Capinha,Laura Celesti-Grapow,Wayne Dawson,Wayne Dawson,Stefan Dullinger,Nicol Fuentes,Heinke Jäger,John Kartesz,Marc Kenis,Holger Kreft,Ingolf Kühn,Ingolf Kühn,Bernd Lenzner,Andrew M. Liebhold,Alexander Mosena,Dietmar Moser,Misako Nishino,David Pearman,Jan Pergl,Wolfgang Rabitsch,Julissa Rojas-Sandoval,Alain Roques,Stephanie L. Rorke,Silvia Rossinelli,Helen E. Roy,Riccardo Scalera,Stefan Schindler,Kateřina Štajerová,Kateřina Štajerová,Barbara Tokarska-Guzik,Mark van Kleunen,Kevin J. Walker,Patrick Weigelt,Takehiko Yamanaka,Franz Essl,Franz Essl +53 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a database of 45,813 first records of 16,926 established alien species and showed that the annual rate of first records worldwide has increased during the last 200 years, with 37% of all first records reported most recently (1970-2014).
Journal ArticleDOI
The interdependence of mechanisms underlying climate-driven vegetation mortality
Nate G. McDowell,David J. Beerling,David D. Breshears,Rosie A. Fisher,Kenneth F. Raffa,Mark Stitt +5 more
TL;DR: By integrating new evidence from a wide range of fields, it is concluded that hydraulic function and carbohydrate and defense metabolism have numerous potential failure points, and that these processes are strongly interdependent, both with each other and with destructive pathogen and insect populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Don't judge species on their origins
Mark A. Davis,Matthew K. Chew,Richard J. Hobbs,Ariel E. Lugo,John J. Ewel,Geerat J. Vermeij,James H. Brown,Michael L. Rosenzweig,Mark R. Gardener,Scott P. Carroll,Ken Thompson,Steward T. A. Pickett,Juliet C. Stromberg,Peter Del Tredici,Katharine N. Suding,Joan G. Ehrenfeld,J. Philip Grime,Joseph Mascaro,John C. Briggs +18 more
TL;DR: Conservationists should assess organisms on environmental impact rather than on whether they are natives, argue Mark Davis and 18 other ecologists.
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Scientists' warning on invasive alien species.
Petr Pyšek,Petr Pyšek,Petr Pyšek,Philip E. Hulme,Daniel Simberloff,Sven Bacher,Tim M. Blackburn,Tim M. Blackburn,Tim M. Blackburn,James T. Carlton,Wayne Dawson,Franz Essl,Franz Essl,Llewellyn C. Foxcroft,Llewellyn C. Foxcroft,Piero Genovesi,Piero Genovesi,Jonathan M. Jeschke,Jonathan M. Jeschke,Ingolf Kühn,Ingolf Kühn,Andrew M. Liebhold,Andrew M. Liebhold,Nicholas E. Mandrak,Laura A. Meyerson,Aníbal Pauchard,Jan Pergl,Helen E. Roy,Hanno Seebens,Mark van Kleunen,Mark van Kleunen,Montserrat Vilà,Montserrat Vilà,Michael J. Wingfield,David M. Richardson +34 more
TL;DR: Improved international cooperation is crucial to reduce the impacts of invasive alien species on biodiversity, ecosystem services, and human livelihoods, as synergies with other global changes are exacerbating current invasions and facilitating new ones, thereby escalating the extent and impacts of invaders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Massive yet grossly underestimated global costs of invasive insects
Corey J. A. Bradshaw,Boris Leroy,Boris Leroy,Céline Bellard,Céline Bellard,David Roiz,Céline Albert,Alice Fournier,Morgane Barbet-Massin,Jean-Michel Salles,Frédéric Simard,Franck Courchamp,Franck Courchamp +12 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive database of economic costs of invasive insects is compiled, finding that invasive insects cost a minimum of US$70.0 billion per year globally, while associated health costs exceed US$6.9bn per year.
References
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Quantifying threats to imperiled species in the united states
TL;DR: Surprisingly, there have been surprisingly few analyses of the extent to which each of these factors-much less the more specific deeds encomDavid S. Wilcove is a senior ecologist at the Environmental Defense Fund and David Rothstein re ceived his J.D. in 1997 from Northeastern
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Generalized, Linear, and Mixed Models
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a model for estimating the effect of random effects on a set of variables in a linear mixed model with the objective of finding the probability of a given variable having a given effect.
Journal ArticleDOI
Positive interactions of nonindigenous species: invasional meltdown?
TL;DR: There is little evidence that interference among introduced species at levels currently observed significantly impedes further invasions, and synergistic interactions among invaders may well lead to accelerated impacts on native ecosystems – an invasional ‘meltdown’ process.
Book
Host-Plant Selection by Phytophagous Insects
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the process of host-plant selection, and the impact of ecology and physiology on the selection of a host plant, as well as the effects of experience on host selection.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Varying Success of Invaders
Mark Williamson,Alastair Fitter +1 more
TL;DR: A chronology of key events in the history of the United States, as well as some of the individuals and institutions that were involved in the manufacture and distribution of goods and services, are revealed.