Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrolysis of Cellulose by Amorphous Carbon Bearing SO3H, COOH, and OH Groups
Satoshi Suganuma,Kiyotaka Nakajima,Masaaki Kitano,Daizo Yamaguchi,Hideki Kato,Shigenobu Hayashi,Michikazu Hara +6 more
TLDR
The carbon catalyst can be readily separated from the saccharide solution after reaction for reuse in the reaction without loss of activity, and the catalytic performance of the carbon catalyst is attributed to the ability of the material to adsorb beta-1,4 glucan, which does not adsorb to other solid acids.Abstract:
The hydrolysis of cellulose into saccharides using a range of solid catalysts is investigated for potential application in the environmentally benign saccharification of cellulose. Crystalline pure cellulose is not hydrolyzed by conventional strong solid Bronsted acid catalysts such as niobic acid, H-mordenite, Nafion and Amberlyst-15, whereas amorphous carbon bearing SO 3H, COOH, and OH function as an efficient catalyst for the reaction. The apparent activation energy for the hydrolysis of cellulose into glucose using the carbon catalyst is estimated to be 110 kJ mol (-1), smaller than that for sulfuric acid under optimal conditions (170 kJ mol (-1)). The carbon catalyst can be readily separated from the saccharide solution after reaction for reuse in the reaction without loss of activity. The catalytic performance of the carbon catalyst is attributed to the ability of the material to adsorb beta-1,4 glucan, which does not adsorb to other solid acids.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biochar sulfonic acid immobilized chlorozincate ionic liquid: an efficiently biomimetic and reusable catalyst for hydrolysis of cellulose and bamboo under microwave irradiation
TL;DR: In this paper, a chlorozincate ionic liquid functionalized biochar sulfonic acid (BC-SO3H-IL-Zn) was designed and conveniently prepared via multistep processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Study on reaction mechanism of superior bamboo biochar catalyst production by molten alkali carbonates pyrolysis and its application for cellulose hydrolysis
TL;DR: The properties of biochar produced by Molten alkali carbonates pyrolysis were enhanced, suggesting an increase in BET surface area and the degree of carbonization as it rising, however, the optimized temperature for top-grade biochar materials was 450 °C.
Journal ArticleDOI
Design and synthesis of sulfonated carbons with amphiphilic properties
TL;DR: In this article, a sulfonated carbon material with amphiphilic properties was synthesized by the hydrothermal carbonization of a mixture of furfural-sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate at 180 °C in an autoclave.
Journal ArticleDOI
Highly Efficient Alkylation Using Hydrophobic Sulfonic Acid-Functionalized Biochar as a Catalyst for Synthesis of High-Density Biofuels
Yao Zhong,Peixin Zhang,Xiaomin Zhu,Huan Li,Qiang Deng,Qiang Deng,Jun Wang,Zheling Zeng,Ji-Jun Zou,Shuguang Deng +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that H2O decreases the acidity of sulfonic acid-based catalysts and initiates catalytic side reactions, and that the catalytic activity and selectivity of these catalysts are often unsatisfactory in many cases.
Book ChapterDOI
Pretreatment and Saccharification of Lignocellulosic Biomass
TL;DR: In this article, compositions and structure of lignocellulosic biomass are firstly introduced, and then the saccharification or hydrolysis, which is one of the important processes used to produce liquid fuels such as cellulosic ethanol, is introduced.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The path forward for biofuels and biomaterials
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Journal ArticleDOI
Toward an aggregated understanding of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose: noncomplexed cellulase systems.
TL;DR: It is suggested that it is timely to revisit and reinvigorate functional modeling of cellulose hydrolysis and that this would be highly beneficial if not necessary in order to bring to bear the large volume of information available on cellulase components on the primary applications that motivate interest in the subject.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bio-ethanol--the fuel of tomorrow from the residues of today.
TL;DR: This review gives an overview of the new technologies required and the advances achieved in recent years to bring lignocellulosic ethanol towards industrial production.