Journal ArticleDOI
In Posidonia oceanica cadmium induces changes in DNA methylation and chromatin patterning
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TLDR
The data demonstrate that Cd perturbs the DNA methylation status through the involvement of a specific methyltransferase, linked to nuclear chromatin reconfiguration likely to establish a new balance of expressed/repressed chromatin.Abstract:
In mammals, cadmium is widely considered as a non-genotoxic carcinogen acting through a methylation-dependent epigenetic mechanism. Here, the effects of Cd treatment on the DNA methylation patten are examined together with its effect on chromatin reconfiguration in Posidonia oceanica. DNA methylation level and pattern were analysed in actively growing organs, under short- (6 h) and long- (2 d or 4 d) term and low (10 mM) and high (50 mM) doses of Cd, through a Methylation-Sensitive Amplification Polymorphism technique and an immunocytological approach, respectively. The expression of one member of the CHROMOMETHYLASE (CMT) family, a DNA methyltransferase, was also assessed by qRT-PCR. Nuclear chromatin ultrastructure was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Cd treatment induced a DNA hypermethylation, as well as an up-regulation of CMT, indicating that de novo methylation did indeed occur. Moreover, a high dose of Cd led to a progressive heterochromatinization of interphase nuclei and apoptotic figures were also observed after long-term treatment. The data demonstrate that Cd perturbs the DNA methylation status through the involvement of a specific methyltransferase. Such changes are linked to nuclear chromatin reconfiguration likely to establish a new balance of expressed/repressed chromatin. Overall, the data show an epigenetic basis to the mechanism underlying Cd toxicity in plants.read more
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Evolutionary and comparative analysis of MYB and bHLH plant transcription factors
TL;DR: This review compares the MYB and bHLH gene families from structural, evolutionary and functional perspectives and suggests that the next few years are likely to witness an increasing understanding of the extent to which conserved transcription factors participate at similar positions in gene regulatory networks across plant species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Function and structure of inherently disordered proteins
TL;DR: Topics concerning proteins inherently lacking 3D structure are discussed, including their prediction from amino acid sequence, their enrichment in eukaryotes compared to prokaryotes, their more rapid evolution compared to structured proteins, their organization into specific groups, their structural preferences, their half-lives in cells, and their involvement in diseases.
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Evidence for a specific uptake system for iron phytosiderophores in roots of grasses.
Volker Römheld,Horst Marschner +1 more
TL;DR: The results indicate the existence of a specific uptake system for Fe(III)phytosiderophores in roots of barley and all other graminaceous species and two strategies are evident for the acquisition of iron by plants under iron deficiency.
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Galactinol and raffinose constitute a novel function to protect plants from oxidative damage.
TL;DR: The possibility that galactinol and raffinose scavenge hydroxyl radicals as a novel function to protect plant cells from oxidative damage caused by MV treatment, salinity, or chilling is suggested.
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Microarray-based analysis of stress-regulated microRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana.
TL;DR: This work identified 14 stress-inducible miRNAs using microarray data in which the effects of three abiotic stresses were surveyed in Arabidopsis thaliana and found great cross-talk among the high-salinity, drought, and cold stress signaling pathways.