Ingestion of Lactobacillus strain regulates emotional behavior and central GABA receptor expression in a mouse via the vagus nerve.
Javier A. Bravo,Paul Forsythe,Marianne V. Chew,Emily Escaravage,Hélène M. Savignac,Timothy G. Dinan,John Bienenstock,John F. Cryan +7 more
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TLDR
Chronic treatment with L. rhamnosus induced region-dependent alterations in GABAB1b mRNA in the brain with increases in cortical regions and concomitant reductions in expression in the hippocampus, amygdala, and locus coeruleus, in comparison with control-fed mice, highlighting the important role of bacteria in the bidirectional communication of the gut–brain axis.Abstract:
There is increasing, but largely indirect, evidence pointing to an effect of commensal gut microbiota on the central nervous system (CNS). However, it is unknown whether lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus could have a direct effect on neurotransmitter receptors in the CNS in normal, healthy animals. GABA is the main CNS inhibitory neurotransmitter and is significantly involved in regulating many physiological and psychological processes. Alterations in central GABA receptor expression are implicated in the pathogenesis of anxiety and depression, which are highly comorbid with functional bowel disorders. In this work, we show that chronic treatment with L. rhamnosus (JB-1) induced region-dependent alterations in GABAB1b mRNA in the brain with increases in cortical regions (cingulate and prelimbic) and concomitant reductions in expression in the hippocampus, amygdala, and locus coeruleus, in comparison with control-fed mice. In addition, L. rhamnosus (JB-1) reduced GABAAα2 mRNA expression in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala, but increased GABAAα2 in the hippocampus. Importantly, L. rhamnosus (JB-1) reduced stress-induced corticosterone and anxiety- and depression-related behavior. Moreover, the neurochemical and behavioral effects were not found in vagotomized mice, identifying the vagus as a major modulatory constitutive communication pathway between the bacteria exposed to the gut and the brain. Together, these findings highlight the important role of bacteria in the bidirectional communication of the gut–brain axis and suggest that certain organisms may prove to be useful therapeutic adjuncts in stress-related disorders such as anxiety and depression.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 Delays Progression of Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Senescence Accelerated Mouse Prone 8 (SAMP8) Mice.
Shih Yi Huang,Li-Han Chen,Ming Fu Wang,Chih Chieh Hsu,Ching Hung Chan,Jia Xian Li,Hui Yu Huang,Hui Yu Huang +7 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that LPPS23 supplements could delay age-related cognitive decline, possibly by preventing oxidation and inflammation and modulating gut–brain axis communication.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of ultra-processed diet on gut microbiota and thus its role in neurodegenerative diseases.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the relationship and effect of the current feeding pattern, with the dysregulation of the microbiota and its influence on the development of cognitive decline, highlighting the importance of a search for stricter public health strategies regarding access to and development of ultra-processed foods.
Journal ArticleDOI
How do probiotics and prebiotics function at distant sites
Gregor Reid,Gregor Reid,Thomas Abrahamsson,M. Bailey,M. Bailey,Laure B. Bindels,Rostyslav V Bubnov,Kriston Ganguli,C. Martoni,Catherine A. O'Neill,H. M. Savignac,Catherine Stanton,N. Ship,Michael G. Surette,Kieran Tuohy,S. van Hemert +15 more
TL;DR: The growing levels of scientific and clinical evidence showing how microbes influence the physiology of many body sites, leads us to call for more funding to advance a potentially exciting avenue for novel therapies for many chronic diseases.
Book ChapterDOI
Gut Microbiota and Bone Health
Darin Quach,Robert A. Britton +1 more
TL;DR: An emerging field of the gut-brain-bone axis is proposed, in which the gut drives bone physiology via regulation of key hormones that are originally synthesized in the brain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial Metabolites of Human Gut Microbiota Correlating with Depression.
Olga V. Averina,Yana Zorkina,Roman A. Yunes,Alexey S. Kovtun,V. M. Ushakova,Anna Morozova,George P. Kostyuk,Valery N. Danilenko,Valery N. Danilenko,Vladimir P. Chekhonin +9 more
TL;DR: The described biomarkers associated with GM could potentially enhance the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorders in clinical practice and represent a potential future diagnostic tool based on metagenomic technologies for assessing the development of depressive disorders.
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