Innate immune DNA sensing pathways: STING, AIMII and the regulation of interferon production and inflammatory responses
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TLDR
Recent discoveries relating to the detection of foreign DNA, including the importance of the STING and AIM2 and the activation of innate signaling pathways are reviewed.About:
This article is published in Current Opinion in Immunology.The article was published on 2011-02-01 and is currently open access. It has received 244 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Stimulator of interferon genes & AIM2.read more
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Toll-like Receptors and Their Crosstalk with Other Innate Receptors in Infection and Immunity
Taro Kawai,Shizuo Akira +1 more
TL;DR: The role played by TLRs in mounting protective immune responses against infection and their crosstalk with other PRRs with respect to pathogen recognition is focused on.
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Cancer immunotherapy via dendritic cells
TL;DR: Dendritic cells are an essential target in efforts to generate therapeutic immunity against cancer owing to their ability to control both immune tolerance and immunity.
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STING specifies IRF3 phosphorylation by TBK1 in the cytosolic DNA signaling pathway.
Yasuo Tanaka,Zhijian J. Chen +1 more
TL;DR: STING is shown to stimulate phosphorylation of IRF3 by the kinase TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase 1) in an in vitro reconstitution system, suggesting that STING functions as a scaffold protein to specify and promote the phosphorylated of IRf3 by TBk1.
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Immunomodulatory functions of type I interferons
TL;DR: The production of type I IFNs is also induced in response to bacterial ligands of innate immune receptors and/or bacterial infections, indicating a broader physiological role for these cytokines in host defence and homeostasis than was originally assumed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA.
Hiroaki Hemmi,Osamu Takeuchi,Taro Kawai,Tsuneyasu Kaisho,Shintaro Sato,Hideki Sanjo,Makoto Matsumoto,Katsuaki Hoshino,Hermann Wagner,Kiyoshi Takeda,Shizuo Akira +10 more
TL;DR: It is shown that cellular response to CpG DNA is mediated by a Toll-like receptor, TLR9, and vertebrate immune systems appear to have evolved a specific Toll- like receptor that distinguishes bacterial DNA from self-DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI
STING is an endoplasmic reticulum adaptor that facilitates innate immune signalling.
Hiroki Ishikawa,Glen N. Barber +1 more
TL;DR: The identification of a molecule (STING; stimulator of interferon genes) that appears essential for effective innate immune signalling processes is reported, implying a potential role for the translocon in innate signalling pathways activated by select viruses as well as intracellular DNA.
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AIM2 recognizes cytosolic dsDNA and forms a caspase-1 activating inflammasome with ASC
Veit Hornung,Veit Hornung,Andrea Ablasser,Andrea Ablasser,Marie Charrel-Dennis,Franz Bauernfeind,Franz Bauernfeind,Gabor Horvath,Daniel R. Caffrey,Eicke Latz,Katherine A. Fitzgerald +10 more
TL;DR: Using mouse and human cells, the PYHIN (pyrin and HIN domain-containing protein) family member absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is identified as a receptor for cytosolic DNA, which regulates caspase-1.
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STING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity
TL;DR: It is shown that STING (stimulator of interferon genes) is critical for the induction of IFN by non-CpG intracellular DNA species produced by various DNA pathogens after infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of Adaptive Immunity by the Innate Immune System
TL;DR: Questions are discussed including the mechanisms by which pathogen-specific innate immune recognition activates antigen-specific adaptive immune responses and the roles of different types of innate immune Recognition in host defense from infection and injury.
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STING is an endoplasmic reticulum adaptor that facilitates innate immune signalling.
Hiroki Ishikawa,Glen N. Barber +1 more