Journal ArticleDOI
Leukemia and brain tumors among children after radiation exposure from CT scans : design and methodological opportunities of the Dutch Pediatric CT Study
Johanna M. Meulepas,Cécile M. Ronckers,Anne M. J. B. Smets,Rutger A.J. Nievelstein,Andreas Jahnen,Choonsik Lee,Mariette Kieft,Johan S. Laméris,Marcel van Herk,Marcel J. W. Greuter,Cécile R. L. P. N. Jeukens,Marcel van Straten,Otto Visser,Flora E. van Leeuwen,Michael Hauptmann +14 more
TLDR
The proposed approaches provide useful strategies for data collection and confounder assessment for general retrospective record-linkage studies, particular those using hospital databases on radiological procedures for the assessment of exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.Abstract:
Computed tomography (CT) scans are indispensable in modern medicine; however, the spectacular rise in global use coupled with relatively high doses of ionizing radiation per examination have raised radiation protection concerns. Children are of particular concern because they are more sensitive to radiation-induced cancer compared with adults and have a long lifespan to express harmful effects which may offset clinical benefits of performing a scan. This paper describes the design and methodology of a nationwide study, the Dutch Pediatric CT Study, regarding risk of leukemia and brain tumors in children after radiation exposure from CT scans. It is a retrospective record-linkage cohort study with an expected number of 100,000 children who received at least one electronically archived CT scan covering the calendar period since the introduction of digital archiving until 2012. Information on all archived CT scans of these children will be obtained, including date of examination, scanned body part and radiologist's report, as well as the machine settings required for organ dose estimation. We will obtain cancer incidence by record linkage with external databases. In this article, we describe several approaches to the collection of data on archived CT scans, the estimation of radiation doses and the assessment of confounding. The proposed approaches provide useful strategies for data collection and confounder assessment for general retrospective record-linkage studies, particular those using hospital databases on radiological procedures for the assessment of exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Radiation Exposure From Pediatric CT Scans and Subsequent Cancer Risk in the Netherlands
Johanna M. Meulepas,Cécile M. Ronckers,Anne M. J. B. Smets,Rutger A.J. Nievelstein,Patrycja Gradowska,Choonsik Lee,Andreas Jahnen,Marcel van Straten,Marie Claire Y. de Wit,Bernard A. Zonnenberg,Willemijn M. Klein,J.H.M. Merks,Otto Visser,Flora E. van Leeuwen,Michael Hauptmann +14 more
TL;DR: Evidence is found that CT-related radiation exposure increases brain tumor risk following exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation from CT scans in childhood, and incidence of brain tumors was higher in the cohort of children with CT scans, requiring cautious interpretation of the findings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Are the studies on cancer risk from CT scans biased by indication? Elements of answer from a large-scale cohort study in France
TL;DR: This study suggests that the indication for examinations, whether suspected cancer or PF management, should be considered to avoid overestimation of the cancer risks associated with CT scans.
Journal ArticleDOI
NCICT: a computational solution to estimate organ doses for pediatric and adult patients undergoing CT scans
TL;DR: The computer program, National Cancer Institute dosimetry system for CT (NCICT), provides more realistic anatomy based on the ICRP reference phantoms, higher age resolution, the most up-to-date bone marrow Dosimetry, and several convenient features compared to previous tools.
Journal ArticleDOI
Childhood Leukemia and Primary Prevention.
Todd P. Whitehead,Catherine Metayer,Joseph L. Wiemels,Joseph L. Wiemels,Amanda W. Singer,Mark D. Miller,Mark D. Miller +6 more
TL;DR: Primary prevention programs for childhood leukemia would also result in the significant co-benefits of reductions in other adverse health outcomes that are common in children, such as detriments to neurocognitive development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Radiation Dose Reduction at Pediatric CT: Use of Low Tube Voltage and Iterative Reconstruction.
Yasunori Nagayama,Seitaro Oda,Takeshi Nakaura,Akinori Tsuji,Joji Urata,Mitsuhiro Furusawa,Daisuke Utsunomiya,Yoshinori Funama,Masafumi Kidoh,Yasuyuki Yamashita +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of tube voltage on the surface radiation dose, window settings, accentuation of metallic artifacts, deterioration of low contrast detectability at low-dose settings, interscanner variation of x-ray spectra, and a comparison with the use of a spectral shaping technique.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Ionizing Radiation: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation: UNSCEAR 2006 Report, Volume 1—Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes A and B
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence, Neonatal Characteristics, and First-Year Mortality of Down Syndrome: A National Study
Michel E. Weijerman,A. Marceline van Furth,Antonie Vonk Noordegraaf,Jacobus P. van Wouwe,Chantal J.M. Broers,Reinoud J. B. J. Gemke +5 more
TL;DR: The prevalence of DS in The Netherlands exceeds previously reported levels and is influenced by the mother's age, and neonatal and infant DS mortality have declined, but still exceed those in the reference population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Radiation doses in computed tomography. The increasing doses of radiation need to be controlled.
Madan M. Rehani,Manorma Berry +1 more
TL;DR: Computed tomography has made dramatic advances, both in its breadth of application and in its technological improvements, such that it is possible with the spiral technique to carry out an entire examination of the chest within a single breathhold as against a few minutes in earlier systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Radiation Effective Doses to Patients Undergoing Abdominal CT Examinations
TL;DR: Values of energy imparted to patients undergoing abdominal CT examinations were a factor of three higher in adults than in children, but the corresponding patient effective doses were 50% higher in children than in adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risk of borderline and invasive ovarian tumours after ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization in a large Dutch cohort
F.E. van Leeuwen,H. Klip,T.M. Mooij,A. M. G. van de Swaluw,Cornelis B. Lambalk,Marian Kortman,Joop S.E. Laven,C. A. M. Jansen,F.M. Helmerhorst,B. J. Cohlen,Wim N.P. Willemsen,Jesper M. J. Smeenk,Arnold Simons,F. van der Veen,Johannes L.H. Evers,P.A. van Dop,Nick S. Macklon,Nick S. Macklon,Curt W. Burger +18 more
TL;DR: Ovarian stimulation for IVF may increase the risk of ovarian malignancies, especially borderline ovarian tumours, especially in the IVF group.