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"Liar, Liar Pants on Fire": A New Benchmark Dataset for Fake News Detection

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TLDR
Li et al. as discussed by the authors designed a hybrid convolutional neural network to integrate meta-data with text and showed that this hybrid approach can improve a text-only deep learning model.
Abstract
Automatic fake news detection is a challenging problem in deception detection, and it has tremendous real-world political and social impacts. However, statistical approaches to combating fake news has been dramatically limited by the lack of labeled benchmark datasets. In this paper, we present LIAR: a new, publicly available dataset for fake news detection. We collected a decade-long, 12.8K manually labeled short statements in various contexts from PolitiFact.com, which provides detailed analysis report and links to source documents for each case. This dataset can be used for fact-checking research as well. Notably, this new dataset is an order of magnitude larger than previously largest public fake news datasets of similar type. Empirically, we investigate automatic fake news detection based on surface-level linguistic patterns. We have designed a novel, hybrid convolutional neural network to integrate meta-data with text. We show that this hybrid approach can improve a text-only deep learning model.

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Citations
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HoVer: A Dataset for Many-Hop Fact Extraction And Claim Verification

TL;DR: It is shown that the performance of an existing state-of-the-art semantic-matching model degrades significantly on this dataset as the number of reasoning hops increases, hence demonstrating the necessity of many-hop reasoning to achieve strong results.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

A Closer Look at Fake News Detection: A Deep Learning Perspective

TL;DR: Different models to detect fake news based on the relation between article headline and article body are developed using the Fake News Challenge (FNC-1) dataset.
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MultiFC: A Real-World Multi-Domain Dataset for Evidence-Based Fact Checking of Claims

TL;DR: In this article, the authors contribute the largest publicly available dataset of naturally occurring factual claims for the purpose of automatic claim verification, which is collected from 26 fact checking websites in English, paired with textual sources and rich metadata, and labelled for veracity by human expert journalists.
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Towards Automated Factchecking: Developing an Annotation Schema and Benchmark for Consistent Automated Claim Detection.

TL;DR: This paper developed an annotation schema and a benchmark for automated claim detection that is more consistent across time, topics and annotators than previous approaches, achieving an F1 score of 0.83 with over 5% relative improvement over the state-of-the-art methods ClaimBuster and ClaimRank.
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TL;DR: This work shows that current systems for FEVER are vulnerable to three categories of realistic challenges for fact-checking – multiple propositions, temporal reasoning, and ambiguity and lexical variation – and introduces a resource with these types of claims, and presents a system designed to be resilient to these “attacks”.
References
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TL;DR: A novel, efficient, gradient based method called long short-term memory (LSTM) is introduced, which can learn to bridge minimal time lags in excess of 1000 discrete-time steps by enforcing constant error flow through constant error carousels within special units.
Posted Content

Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space

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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Convolutional Neural Networks for Sentence Classification

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Journal Article

Natural Language Processing (Almost) from Scratch

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Proceedings Article

Character-level convolutional networks for text classification

TL;DR: In this paper, the use of character-level convolutional networks (ConvNets) for text classification has been explored and compared with traditional models such as bag of words, n-grams and their TFIDF variants.
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