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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Marine litter within the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive

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TLDR
The general strategy in support to the implementation of MSFD for marine litter includes various aspects such as scientific background, monitoring strategies and protocols, definition of good environmental status and targets and support to management policies.
Abstract
One of the most evident changes in the last half-century is the ubiquity and abundance of litter in the marine environment. The EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/EC) established a framework within which EU Member States shall take action to achieve the good environmental status (GES) of their marine waters by 2020. Amongst the 11 MSFD qualitative descriptors, Descriptor 10 (D 10) concerns marine litter. Here we report the general strategy in support to the implementation of MSFD for marine litter. It includes various aspects such as scientific background, monitoring strategies and protocols, definition of good environmental status and targets and support to management policies.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Assessment and distribution of seafloor litter on the deep Ligurian continental shelf and shelf break (NW Mediterranean Sea)

TL;DR: Describing seafloor litter in the mesophotic depth range of the Ligurian Sea, one of the most urbanized basins of the Mediterranean Sea, indicates the urgency for specific actions to prevent further spreading.
Journal ArticleDOI

Mikroplastik in der Umwelt

TL;DR: In this paper, the analysis of the effluent of two wastewater treatment plants on two different days showed that the microplastic emissions at the wastewater effluent might be highly variable and determined particle composition differs remarkably between the two days.
Book ChapterDOI

Debris in Deep Water

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated litter distribution and its influence on deep habitats (50 to 7,000m depth), but little is still known about the extent of the problem.
Journal ArticleDOI

Lessons learned from an intercalibration exercise on the quantification and characterisation of microplastic particles in sediment and water samples

TL;DR: It appears difficult to obtain reliable and comparable data on the colour of microplastics, and a comparison of the errors with regards to the protocols used led to recommend NaCl [1.2 g/cm3] density separation for sediment and one filtering step.
Journal ArticleDOI

Microplastics in fishes from an estuary (Minho River) ending into the NE Atlantic Ocean.

TL;DR: In this paper, the plastic contamination of wild fish (Cyprinus carpio, Mugil cephalus, Platichthys flesus) from an estuary of the NE Atlantic coast was investigated for plastic contamination.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Lost at sea: where is all the plastic?

TL;DR: It is shown that microscopic plastic fragments and fibers are also widespread in the marine environment and may persist for centuries.
Journal ArticleDOI

Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments.

TL;DR: Global plastics production and the accumulation of plastic waste are documented, showing that trends in mega- and macro-plastic accumulation rates are no longer uniformly increasing and that the average size of plastic particles in the environment seems to be decreasing.
Journal ArticleDOI

Plastics, the environment and human health: current consensus and future trends.

TL;DR: Current understanding of the benefits and concerns surrounding the use of plastics are synthesized, and future priorities, challenges and opportunities are looked to.
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