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Marine litter within the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive

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TLDR
The general strategy in support to the implementation of MSFD for marine litter includes various aspects such as scientific background, monitoring strategies and protocols, definition of good environmental status and targets and support to management policies.
Abstract
One of the most evident changes in the last half-century is the ubiquity and abundance of litter in the marine environment. The EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/EC) established a framework within which EU Member States shall take action to achieve the good environmental status (GES) of their marine waters by 2020. Amongst the 11 MSFD qualitative descriptors, Descriptor 10 (D 10) concerns marine litter. Here we report the general strategy in support to the implementation of MSFD for marine litter. It includes various aspects such as scientific background, monitoring strategies and protocols, definition of good environmental status and targets and support to management policies.

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Urbanization and hydrological conditions drive the spatial and temporal variability of microplastic pollution in the Garonne River.

TL;DR: In this article, the spatial and temporal variability of microplastic pollution in surface water in 14 sites located across the Garonne river catchment (Southwestern France, 6 in the main river and 8 tributaries).
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Assessing the human footprint on the sea-floor of coastal systems: the case of the Venice Lagoon, Italy.

TL;DR: A quantitative assessment of the effects of human actions on the floor of the tidal channels from the Venice Lagoon using 2500 kilometres of full coverage multibeam bathymetric mapping provides unprecedented evidence of pervasive human impacts, which extend far beyond the well known shrinking of salt marshes and artificial modifications of inlet geometries.
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A harmonized and coordinated assessment of the abundance and composition of seafloor litter in the Adriatic-Ionian macroregion (Mediterranean Sea).

TL;DR: The first harmonized assessment of seafloor litter (trawl and visual surveys) in six countries of the Adriatic-Ionian macroregion showed an uneven distribution throughout the area, with large differences in litter densities and composition among countries and locations.
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Microplastics pollution and risk assessment in water bodies of two nature reserves in Jilin Province: Correlation analysis with the degree of human activity.

TL;DR: In this article, the content and composition of microplastics in 19 water samples were investigated in Chagan lake and Xianghai, and the degree of human activity was quantified to analyze the correlation of MPs abundance.
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Seafloor litter from the continental shelf and canyons in French Mediterranean Water: Distribution, typologies and trends.

TL;DR: The spatial distribution of litter revealed the influence of geomorphologic factors, anthropic activities, shipping route, river inputs, and the most abundant categories were plastic, glass/ceramics, metals and textiles.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Lost at sea: where is all the plastic?

TL;DR: It is shown that microscopic plastic fragments and fibers are also widespread in the marine environment and may persist for centuries.
Journal ArticleDOI

Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments.

TL;DR: Global plastics production and the accumulation of plastic waste are documented, showing that trends in mega- and macro-plastic accumulation rates are no longer uniformly increasing and that the average size of plastic particles in the environment seems to be decreasing.
Journal ArticleDOI

Plastics, the environment and human health: current consensus and future trends.

TL;DR: Current understanding of the benefits and concerns surrounding the use of plastics are synthesized, and future priorities, challenges and opportunities are looked to.
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