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Marine litter within the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive

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TLDR
The general strategy in support to the implementation of MSFD for marine litter includes various aspects such as scientific background, monitoring strategies and protocols, definition of good environmental status and targets and support to management policies.
Abstract
One of the most evident changes in the last half-century is the ubiquity and abundance of litter in the marine environment. The EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/EC) established a framework within which EU Member States shall take action to achieve the good environmental status (GES) of their marine waters by 2020. Amongst the 11 MSFD qualitative descriptors, Descriptor 10 (D 10) concerns marine litter. Here we report the general strategy in support to the implementation of MSFD for marine litter. It includes various aspects such as scientific background, monitoring strategies and protocols, definition of good environmental status and targets and support to management policies.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Distribution and composition of benthic marine litter on the shelf of Antalya in the eastern Mediterranean.

TL;DR: This study mainly focused on the distribution and composition of benthic marine litter, carrying out sampling in Antalya Bay with a demersal trawl to find out the impact of depth on density and weight indices.
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Beach-dune morphodynamics and marine macro-litter abundance: An integrated approach with Unmanned Aerial System.

TL;DR: This work shows an integrated approach for coastal environmental monitoring, which aimed to understand the relation between beach-dune morphodynamics, marine litter abundance and environmental forcing, and set the ground for marine litter dynamic modelling on the shore.
Journal ArticleDOI

Community-wide patterns of plastic ingestion in seabirds breeding at French Frigate Shoals, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.

TL;DR: While seabirds ingested a variety of plastic (foam, line, sheets), fragments were the most common and numerous type and in albatrosses and storm-petrels, the plastic occurrence in the two stomach chambers was not significantly different.
Book ChapterDOI

Impact of Plastic Pollution on Marine Life in the Mediterranean Sea

TL;DR: This chapter reviewed and synthesized literature in order to describe the impact of litter on marine life in the Mediterranean sensitive ecosystem and focused on the following impact categories: ingestion, entanglement and other effects (e.g. colonization and rafting).
Journal ArticleDOI

Relationships between plastic litter and chemical pollutants on benthic biodiversity.

TL;DR: This study represents the first report about the abundance of plastic debris and its relationship to contaminants and infauna in Augusta harbour and can provide useful information for national and international laws and directives.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Lost at sea: where is all the plastic?

TL;DR: It is shown that microscopic plastic fragments and fibers are also widespread in the marine environment and may persist for centuries.
Journal ArticleDOI

Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments.

TL;DR: Global plastics production and the accumulation of plastic waste are documented, showing that trends in mega- and macro-plastic accumulation rates are no longer uniformly increasing and that the average size of plastic particles in the environment seems to be decreasing.
Journal ArticleDOI

Plastics, the environment and human health: current consensus and future trends.

TL;DR: Current understanding of the benefits and concerns surrounding the use of plastics are synthesized, and future priorities, challenges and opportunities are looked to.
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