Journal ArticleDOI
Method validation and occurrence of dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) in fish from Brazil
Daniella Vasconcellos Augusti,Elisângela Jaqueline Magalhães,Carolina Mariana Nunes,Eleonora Vieira dos Santos,Ravi Govinda Dardot Prates,Rafael Pissinatti +5 more
TLDR
An isotope dilution method for quantification of 17 polychlorinated dioxins (PCDDs) and furans (PCDFs) in fish is described in this paper.Abstract:
An isotope dilution method for quantification of 17 polychlorinated dioxins (PCDDs) and furans (PCDFs) in fish is described. The method uses pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) followed by clean up steps (elution of extracts into two sequential columns filled with distinct stationary phases: acid silica-gel and Florisil®) and gas chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) analysis. 13C12-labelled PCDD/Fs were used as internal and injection standards. The method was validated in accordance with specific requirements defined by the European Commission as described in the regulations 2012/252/EU and 2011/1259/EU. The EPA 1613 method was also used as the reference. Precision and recovery were evaluated at three levels for each PCDD/PCDF by means of spiked samples. Trueness was checked by analysis of a certified reference material (CRM). The following figures of merit were also assessed: linearity, selectivity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ) and measured uncertainty. Consistent results within the guidelines established were achieved for all of the parameters evaluated. Finally, 132 samples of 25 different species of fish were collected from different regions of Brazil over a 13 months period. No sample presented concentration higher than the maximum permitted level. The following dioxins and furans were found in some of these samples: 2,3,7,8-TCDF (19 samples), OCDD (2 samples) and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF, 1,2,3,7,8 PeCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF (1 sample each) at levels higher than their LOQs. This validated analytical method has been used by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply of Brazil.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Organic Contaminants in Environmental and Food Samples
Pablo Vázquez-Roig,Yolanda Picó +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the application of this green technique to the analysis of organic contaminants in food and environmental matrices for monitoring purposes is presented, with a focus on application of the green technique in the food and the environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent applications of gas chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry.
Ivan Špánik,Andrea Machyňáková +1 more
TL;DR: The main attention is paid to various approaches and applications of gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry for non-target screening to identify contaminants and to characterize the chemical composition of environmental, food, and biological samples.
Journal ArticleDOI
Automated Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Microbial Lipids from Oleaginous Yeasts
TL;DR: Analysis by using high-performance thin-layer chromatography showed that the neutral lipid contents in the obtained samples by APLE method were similar to those by the ball milling–assisted extraction method, demonstrating that lipids can be efficiently extracted from oleaginous yeasts in less time and without harsh pretreatment procedures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pressurized Liquid Extraction: A Powerful Tool to Implement Extraction and Purification of Food Contaminants
TL;DR: The use of these particular pressure and temperature conditions changes the physicochemical properties of the extraction solvent, allowing easier and deeper penetration into the matrix to be extracted, and the possibility to combine the extraction and clean-up steps by including a layer of an adsorbent retaining interfering compounds directly in the PLE extraction cells makes this technique extremely versatile and selective as mentioned in this paper .
Journal ArticleDOI
Gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry as a cost-effective method for the determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans in contaminated soils.
TL;DR: In this article , the performance of gas chromatography (GC)-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (QqQ, MS/MS) was evaluated for soil contaminated with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The 2005 World Health Organization reevaluation of human and Mammalian toxic equivalency factors for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds.
Martin van den Berg,Linda S. Birnbaum,Michael S. Denison,Mike De Vito,William H. Farland,Mark Feeley,Heidelore Fiedler,Helen Håkansson,Annika Hanberg,Laurie C. Haws,Martin Rose,Stephen Safe,Dieter Schrenk,Chiharu Tohyama,Angelika Tritscher,Jouko Tuomisto,Mats Tysklind,Nigel J. Walker,Richard E. Peterson +18 more
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Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife
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TL;DR: It was concluded that the TEF concept is still the most plausible and feasible approach for risk assessment of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with dioxinlike properties.
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Harmonized guidelines for single-laboratory validation of methods of analysis (IUPAC Technical Report)
TL;DR: In this article, the Working Group that produced these protocols/guidelines has now been mandated by IUPAC to prepare guidelines on the single-laboratory validation of methods of analysis, providing minimum recommendations on procedures that should be employed to ensure adequate validation of analytical methods.
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µ-MAR
TL;DR: A method able to both coarse and fine register sets of 3D points provided by low-cost depth-sensing cameras into a common coordinate system, able to overcome the noisy data problem by means of using a model-based solution of multiplane registration.
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Global Assessment of Organic Contaminants in Farmed Salmon
Ronald A. Hites,Jeffery A. Foran,David O. Carpenter,M. Coreen Hamilton,Barbara A. Knuth,Steven J. Schwager +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that concentrations of these contaminants are significantly higher in farmed salmon than in wild, and consumption of farmed Atlantic salmon may pose health risks that detract from the beneficial effects of fish consumption.