Journal ArticleDOI
Modification of Gold Surfaces With Water-Soluble (Co)polymers Prepared Via Aqueous Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization
Brent S. Sumerlin,Andrew B. Lowe,Paul A. Stroud,Ping Zhang,Marek W. Urban,Charles L. McCormick +5 more
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors reported the immobilization of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate), poly((ar-vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride), poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), and poly(3-[2-(N-methylacrylido)-ethyldimethyl ammonio]propane sulfonate-b-N, N-dimethylamide) onto gold films.Abstract:
Reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) is a versatile, controlled free radical polymerization technique that operates via a degenerative transfer mechanism in which a thiocarbonylthio compound acts as a chain transfer agent. The subsequent reduction of the dithioester end groups to thiols allows the preparation of (co)polymer-modified gold surfaces. Herein we report the immobilization of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate), poly((ar-vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride), poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), and poly(3-[2-(N-methylacrylamido)-ethyldimethyl ammonio]propane sulfonate-b-N,N-dimethylacrylamide) onto gold films. The presence of the immobilized (co)polymers was confirmed by atomic force microscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and surface contact angle measurements. The gold film modified with the block copolymer demonstrated stimuli-responsive behavior as evidenced by its water contact angle being similar to that of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) ...read more
Citations
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Experimental Requirements for an Efficient Control of Free-Radical Polymerizations via the Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Process
TL;DR: In this paper, all of the chain transfer agents encountered in the literature from 1998 to date are reported and classified according to several criteria: i) the structure of their substituents, ii) the various monomers that they have been polymerized with, and iii) the type of polymerization that has been performed (solution, dispersed media, surface initiated, and copolymerization) Moreover, the influence of various parameters is discussed, especially the CTA structure relative to the monomer and the experimental conditions (temperature, pressure, initiation, CTA/in
Journal ArticleDOI
Well-defined protein-polymer conjugates via in situ RAFT polymerization.
Cyrille Boyer,Volga Bulmus,Jingquan Liu,Thomas P. Davis,Martina H. Stenzel,Christopher Barner-Kowollik +5 more
TL;DR: The in situ synthesis of protein-polymer conjugates via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) is reported as an efficient method to generate well-defined, homogeneous protein- Poly(NIPAAm) block conjugate in one step, eliminating major postpolymerization purification steps.
Journal ArticleDOI
Telechelic polymers by living and controlled/living polymerization methods
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the general techniques for the preparation of telechelic polymers by living and controlled/living polymerization methods, including atom transfer radical polymerization, nitroxide mediated radical polymerisation, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and iniferters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advances in the synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymers via RAFT polymerization: Stimuli-responsive drug and gene delivery
TL;DR: This review focuses on the chemistry of the RAFT process and its potential for preparing well-defined block copolymers and conjugates capable of stimuli-responsive assembly and release of bioactive agents in the physiological environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Building nanostructures using RAFT polymerization
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of the use of reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) in the synthesis of functional nanomaterials with predetermined molecular weights, designed molecular weight distributions, controlled topology and composition.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Formation and Structure of Self-Assembled Monolayers.
TL;DR: Monolayers of alkanethiolates on gold are probably the most studied SAMs to date and offer the needed design flexibility, both at the individual molecular and at the material levels, and offer a vehicle for investigation of specific interactions at interfaces, and of the effect of increasing molecular complexity on the structure and stability of two-dimensional assemblies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Living free-radical polymerization by reversible addition - Fragmentation chain transfer: The RAFT process
John Chiefari,Y. K. Chong,Frances Ercole,Julia Krstina,Justine Leigh Jeffery,Tam P. T. Le,Roshan T. A. Mayadunne,Gordon Francis Meijs,Catherine Louise Moad,Graeme Moad,Ezio Rizzardo,San H. Thang +11 more
TL;DR: The authors proposed a reversible additive-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) method for living free-radical polymerization, which can be used with a wide range of monomers and reaction conditions and in each case it provides controlled molecular weight polymers with very narrow polydispersities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of monolayer films by the spontaneous assembly of organic thiols from solution onto gold
Colin D. Bain,E. Barry Troughton,Yu-Tai Tao,Joseph Evall,George M. Whitesides,Ralph G. Nuzzo +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used contact angles and optical ellipsometry to study the kinetics of adsorption of monolayer films and to examine the experimental conditions necessary for the formation of high-quality films.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biological surface science
TL;DR: Biological surface science (BioSS) as discussed by the authors is a broad interdisciplinary area where properties and processes at interfaces between synthetic materials and biological environments are investigated and bio functional surfaces are fabricated.
Journal ArticleDOI
A reversibly switching surface.
Joerg Lahann,Samir Mitragotri,Thanh-Nga T. Tran,Hiroki Kaido,Jagannathan Sundaram,Insung S. Choi,Saskia Hoffer,Gabor A. Somorjai,Robert Langer +8 more
TL;DR: The design of surfaces that exhibit dynamic changes in interfacial properties, such as wettability, in response to an electrical potential are reported, which enables amplification of molecular-level conformational transitions to macroscopic changes in surface properties without altering the chemical identity of the surface.