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Multidisciplinary approaches for elucidating genetics and molecular pathogenesis of urinary tract malformations

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TLDR
In this article, the authors review recent multidisciplinary approaches at the intersection of genetics, genomics, in-vivo modeling, and in vitro systems toward refining a blueprint for overcoming the diagnostic hurdles that are pervasive in urinary tract malformation cohorts.
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This article is published in Kidney International.The article was published on 2021-11-12 and is currently open access. It has received 8 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Penetrance & Blueprint.

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Journal ArticleDOI

The Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract in Preterm Infants

TL;DR: It is suggested that preterm infants with any form of CAKUT, including isolated urinary tract dilation, are at greater risk of death and severe illness, and may benefit from genetic evaluation.
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The HIDDEN Protocol: An Australian Prospective Cohort Study to Determine the Utility of Whole Genome Sequencing in Kidney Failure of Unknown Aetiology

TL;DR: The proportion of genetic diagnoses amongst patients with kidney failure of unknown aetiology, using whole genome sequencing (WGS) is determined, to determine the proportion of patients who receive a molecular diagnosis via WGS compared with usual -care.
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Modelling human lower urinary tract malformations in zebrafish

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used the Danio rerio model organism for the lower urinary tract (LUTO) malformation and showed that using the zebrafish enables rapid and efficient investigation of candidate genes derived from human data, but also cautiously allows transferability of causality from a nonmammalian vertebrate to humans.
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Rare Single Nucleotide and Copy Number Variants and the Etiology of Congenital Obstructive Uropathy: Implications for Genetic Diagnosis

TL;DR: In this paper , a comprehensive genomic screening study of 733 cases with three distinct COU subphenotypes revealed disease etiology in 10.0% of them, and no significant differences in the overall diagnostic yield among COU sub-phenotypes, with characteristic variable expressivity of several mutant genes.
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N6-Methyladenosine Methylomic Landscape of Ureteral Deficiency in Reflux Uropathy and Obstructive Uropathy

TL;DR: The current results highlight the pathogenesis of m6A methylation in obstructive and reflux uropathy in CAKUT.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Single cell census of human kidney organoids shows reproducibility and diminished off-target cells after transplantation.

TL;DR: This work shows how single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) can score organoids for reproducibility, faithfulness and quality, that kidney organoids derived from different iPSC lines are comparable surrogates for human kidney, and that transplantation enhances their formation by diminishing off-target cells.
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The copy number variation landscape of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract

Miguel Verbitsky, +94 more
- 01 Jan 2019 - 
TL;DR: Genome-wide analysis of copy number variants in 2,824 cases across the phenotypic spectrum of CAKUT sheds light on the genomic architecture of disease and identifies TBX6 as a driver forCAKUT subphenotypes in the 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome.
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Evidence that bone morphogenetic protein 4 has multiple biological functions during kidney and urinary tract development.

TL;DR: BMP4 prevents cell death and promotes the growth of the metanephric mesenchyme, and can serve as a chemoattractant for periureteral mesenchymal cells and induce locally the smooth muscle layer of the ureter at Bmp4-expressing sites.
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Renal injury in children with a solitary functioning kidney--the KIMONO study

TL;DR: This large cohort study demonstrates that renal injury is present in children with an SFK at a young age, whereas longitudinal models show an increased risk for chronic kidney disease in adulthood.
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