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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Nitric oxide controls the immunopathology of tuberculosis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent processing of IL-1β.

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TLDR
By exogenously controlling the replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vivo, the requirement for antimicrobial immunity is obviated and it is discovered that both IL-1 production and infection-induced immunopathology were suppressed by lymphocyte-derived interferon-γ (IFN-γ).
Abstract
Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is an important mediator of innate immunity but can also promote inflammatory tissue damage. During chronic infections such as tuberculosis, the beneficial antimicrobial role of IL-1 must be balanced with the need to prevent immunopathology. By exogenously controlling the replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vivo, we obviated the requirement for antimicrobial immunity and discovered that both IL-1 production and infection-induced immunopathology were suppressed by lymphocyte-derived interferon-γ (IFN-γ). This effect was mediated by nitric oxide (NO), which we found specifically inhibited assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome via thiol nitrosylation. Our data indicate that the NO produced as a result of adaptive immunity is indispensable in modulating the destructive innate inflammatory responses elicited during persistent infections.

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Posted ContentDOI

Mycobacterium tuberculosis evasion of Guanylate Binding Protein-mediated host defense in mice requires the ESX1 secretion system [preprint]

TL;DR: This specific genetic interaction between the murine host and Mycobacteria reveals a novel function for the ESX1 virulence system in the evasion of GBP-mediated immunity.
Journal ArticleDOI

Potentials of Interferons and Hydroxychloroquine for the Prophylaxis and Early Treatment of COVID-19

TL;DR: The reanalysis of the results from two randomized clinical trials (RCTs) has concluded that use of HCQ is beneficial in postexposure prophylaxis and both type I and III IFNs could potentially be beneficial as prophYLaxis and treatment of COVID-19 at the early stage of infection.
Dissertation

Early immune events in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and vaccination: protective role for GM-CSF in the primary immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and recall responses following vaccination

PJ Stimpson
TL;DR: Overall this thesis demonstrates the importance ofGM-CSF in the primary and recall responses to Mtb infection and identifies ILCs as an early, innate source of GM- CSF.
Dissertation

Mechanism of hepatic inflammation during hepatitis C virus infection

TL;DR: It is shown that interleukin-1 (IL-1) production by intrahepatic macrophages confers liver inflammation through HCV-induced inflammasome signaling, and that Kupffer cells -are the primary cellular source of hepatic IL-1 during HCV infection.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Immunological and Inflammatory Functions of the Interleukin-1 Family

TL;DR: The IL-1 family includes members that suppress inflammation, both specifically within the IL-2 family but also nonspecifically for TLR ligands and the innate immune response.
Journal ArticleDOI

AIM2 recognizes cytosolic dsDNA and forms a caspase-1 activating inflammasome with ASC

TL;DR: Using mouse and human cells, the PYHIN (pyrin and HIN domain-containing protein) family member absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is identified as a receptor for cytosolic DNA, which regulates caspase-1.
Journal ArticleDOI

Erratum: NLRP3 inflammasomes are required for atherogenesis and activated by cholesterol crystals (Nature (2010) 464 (1357-1361))

TL;DR: This corrects the article to show that the method used to derive the H2O2 “spatially aggregating force” is a two-step process, not a single step, like in the previous version of this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nitrosylation. the prototypic redox-based signaling mechanism.

TL;DR: Whereas phosphorylation clearly Spain lies at the heart of many signal transduction pathways, has been expanded re-translational modification of proteins, are conserved cently by the discovery of an enzymatic function for throughout evolution and influence most aspects of cel-hemoglobin.
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